Unit 25 - Efficiency and Employment

Question 1

the age when you leave your job and stop working, usually because you are old

Answer 1

age of retirement

Question 2

temporary employment that is not regular or fixed

Answer 2

casual work

Question 3

temporary employment by an organization to do a specific project or piece of work

Answer 3

contract work

Question 4

removing unproductive parts of the management hierarchy to make organizations more flexible and efficient

Answer 4

delayering

Question 5

decreasing the number of permanent employees working for an organization

Answer 5

downsizing

Question 6

when someone or something uses time and energy well, without wasting any

Answer 6

efficiency

Question 7

a situation in which it is easy for companies to hire non-permanent staff

Answer 7

flexible labo(u)r market

Question 8

employing two or more people on a part-time basis to perform a job normally available to one person working full time

Answer 8

job sharing

Question 9

using other businesses as subcontractors to supply components or services

Answer 9

outsourcing

Question 10

If you work part-time or do part-time work, you work for only some of the day or the week

Answer 10

part-time

Question 11

businesses and industries that are (not) owned or controlled by the government

Answer 11

public / private sector

Question 12

reorganizing a company, business or system in a new way to reduce costs and improve efficiency and effectiveness

Answer 12

rationalisation / restructuring

Question 13

money that a company pays to workers who have lost their jobs because they are no longer needed

Answer 13

redundancy package

Question 14

moving some of a business’s activities to another place or country

Answer 14

relocation / delocalization

Question 15

another way of saying downsizing, though it could also describe increasing the size of organization.

Answer 15

rightsizing

Question 16

not lasting or needed for very long

Answer 16

temporary employment

Question 17

to remove someone from their job, either because they have done something wrong or badly, or as a way of saving the cost of employing them

Answer 17

to fire
to lay off
to make redundant
to let go
to sack
to dismiss

Question 18

to employ someone or pay them to do a particular job

Answer 18

to hire
to appoint
to take on
to recruit
to engage
to employ

Question 19

If a government privatizes an industry, company or service that it owns and controls, it sells it so that it becomes privately owned and controlled

Answer 19

to privatize

Question 20

an organization that represents the people who work in a particular industry, protects their rights, and discusses their pay and working conditions with employers

Answer 20

trade unions