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Level 2 Diploma for Beauty Professionals > Unit 214 Provide Basic Massage > Flashcards

Unit 214 Provide Basic Massage Flashcards

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1
Q

Effleurage

A

Stroking movements, introduce touch & link movements, relaxing.

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2
Q

Petrissage

A

Kneading movements - include kneading, wringing, picking up & thumb / finger kneading - release muscle tension - can be relaxing or stimulating.

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3
Q

Tapotement

A

Percussion movements - include hacking, cupping, pounding & beating - very stimulating, improve muscle tone.

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4
Q

Vibrations

A

Movements applied with finger tips / linked cupped hands using small muscle contractions to give feeling of vibration - soothing / stimulating to nerve endings

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5
Q

Pressure point

A

Static movement - applied with thumbs / finger tips - releases muscle tension

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6
Q

Frictions

A

Rapid movements applied with thumbs / finger tips - very stimulating - releases muscle tension.

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7
Q

Massage media - Powder

A

Oily skin, G5, Gives deeper massage as less glide

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8
Q

Massage media - Oil

A

Can be vegetable (better absorbed) or mineral
Gives long-lasting slip & glide
Can be selected depending on need & skin type (e.g: sweet almond - dry, grapeseed = nut allergy)

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9
Q

Massage media - Cream

A

Less oily feeling than oil, gives good slip & glide, good for dry skin.

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10
Q

Body type - Ectomorph

A

Long & lean, little if any body fat, does not build muscle easily

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11
Q

Body type - Mesomorph

A

Medium & muscular - hourglass (female) / inverted triangle (male).

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12
Q

Body Type - Endomorph

A

Little & round - small features (hands & feet), gains weight easily.

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13
Q

Posture Fault - Kyphosis

A

Exaggerated curve - upper spine (thoracic), tight pectorals / weak upper back muscles, rounded shoulders

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14
Q

Posture fault - Scoliosis

A

Lateral curve of spine (upper / lower - C curve / S curve involving full spine)

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15
Q

Posture Fault - Lordosis

A

Exaggerated curve of lower (lumbar) spine - abdomen & bottom protrude - anterior pelvic tilt, tight lower back muscles & weak abdominal muscles.

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16
Q

Posture fault - Pelvic tilt

A

Forward (anterior) tilt = lordosis, Backward (posterior) tilt = flat back

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17
Q

Posture fault - Knock knees

A

Knees roll in towards each other - can be caused by flat feet.

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18
Q

Posture fault - Dowagers hump

A

Advanced kyphosis, generally affects older people, build up of hard fat pad at bottom of cervical vertebrae.

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19
Q

Posture fault - winged scapula

A

Shoulder blade appears to obviously stick out

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20
Q

Posture fault - pigeon chest

A

Chest appears to obviously stick out, sternum (breast bone) protrudes

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21
Q

Benefits of massage - Psychological (mind / feelings)

A

Mental relaxation
Stress relief
Improved sleep pattern
Improved mood
Sense of wellbeing

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22
Q

Physical effects / effects on systems - skin / integumentary

A

Improves skin condition - aids desquamation / stimulates sebaceous & sweat glands, increased blood flow increases mitosis

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23
Q

Physical effects / effects on systems - lymphatic

A

Increases rate of lymph flow
Increases rate of removal of cellular waste
Reduces fluid retention - moves excess fluid towards lymph nodes

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24
Q

Physical effects / effects on systems - Muscular

A

Improves muscle condition - increased blood flow brings more oxygen & nutrients to cells / increased lymph flow removes more cell waste
Increases elasticity
Relives muscle pain
Improves mobility

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25
Q

Physical effects / effects on systems - Skeletal

A

Improves joint mobility

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26
Q

Physical effects / effects on systems - Respiratory

A

Dislodges mucus
Increased blood flow to lungs improves gaseous exchange

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27
Q

Physical effects / effects on systems - Digestive

A

Stimulates peristalsis in colon & digestive enzymes, improves digestion, helps constipation

28
Q

Physical effects / effects on systems - circulatory

A

Increases blood flow - vasodilation (opening) of blood vessels
Increases rate of venous return
Increases body temperature

29
Q

Physical effects / effects on systems - urinary

A

Aids removal of waste products from the blood
Stimulates urine production

30
Q

Physical effects / effects on systems - nervous

A

Stimulates / soothes nerve endings depending on application, releases endorphins which reduce pain

31
Q

Contra action

A

Reaction occurring during or after treatment - may ne normal (healing reaction, erythema) or abnormal (allergic reaction, bruising)

32
Q

Healing reaction

A

Normal treatment reaction whilst body rebalances after treatment (up to 48 hrs) - may include headache, nausea, tiredness, increased urination, increased volume & frequency of stool)

33
Q

Aftercare advice & post treatment restrictions

A

Given to prevent / minimise contra-actions & increase treatment benefits

34
Q

Aftercare advice

A

Drink plenty of water, rest & relax, advice specific to client concerns (e.g - stress management, sleep improvement, diet / lifestyle advice)

35
Q

Post-treatment restrictions

A

All for 24hrs post treatment - AVOID - further treatments, heat treatments, large meals, strenuous exercise, alcohol, nicotine (vape / cigarettes), caffeine, non-prescription drugs

36
Q

Contra-indication

A

A condition present which may mean the treatment cannot proceed (PREVENT) or may need to be adapted (RESTRICT)

37
Q

Beauty therapists must never diagnose a contra-indication

A

They’re not medically trained
They may be wrong
They may unduly worry the client

38
Q

Reasons for Consultation

A

To ensure client is safe to treat (contra-indications)
To identify client requirements / objectives (reasons for treatment / concerns)
To ensure the client understands and consents to the treatment

39
Q

Contra-Indication - Skin diseases (bacterial / viral / fungal / infestations)

A

Prevent / contagious / medical referral for treatment

40
Q

Contra-indication - SEVERE skin disorders (eczema / psoriasis etc)

A

Prevent - risk of pain & secondary infection

41
Q

Contra-indication - Thrombosis / Phlebitis / Embolism

A

Prevent - blood clotting / circulatory system disorders - may cause client significant harm

42
Q

Contra-indication - Chemotherapy / Radiotherapy / Cancer diagnosis

A

Prevent - may affect how the treatment works / make client feel very unwell

43
Q

Contra-indication - Nervous & Muscular System Disorders (e.g. Parkinsons, Motor Neurone Disease, Multiple Sclerosis)

A

Prevent - May make client feel unwell, client may not communicate harmful skin sensations correctly (GP referral to establish suitability for treatment)

44
Q

Contra-Indication - Pregnancy

A

Prevent (less than 14 weeks)
Restrict (14 weeks + / low risk - check insurance)

45
Q

Contra-Indication - Diabetes (endocrine disorder affecting ability to regulate blood sugar)

A

Restrict / GP consent - poor skin sensation / easy bruising / poor skin healing

46
Q

Contra-indication - Epilepsy (neurological disorder - can cause fits)

A

Restrict / GP consent - client may fit if not well controlled by medication

47
Q

Contra-Indication - History of heart attack / disease / angina (chest pain)

A

Restrict - GP consent to establish safety to treat

48
Q

Contra-Indication - High Blood Pressure

A

Restrict - GP consent if not well controlled by medication

49
Q

Contra-Indication - Bruising

A

Restrict - may be painful / make worse - avoid

50
Q

Contra-indication - Varicose veins

A

Restrict - may be painful - cause harm - treat above only

51
Q

Contra-Indication - Recent Scar Tissue

A

Restrict - may be painful - re-open wound - Avoid

52
Q

Contra-Indication = Mild skin disorders (Eczema / Psoriasis etc)

A

Restrict - Risk of pain / secondary infection - Avoid

53
Q

Contra-Indication - Cuts & abrasions

A

Restrict - Risk of pain / secondary infection - Avoid

54
Q

Contra-Indications - Broken bones / fractures / sprains

A

Restrict - Risk of pain- Avoid

55
Q

Contra-Indication - Sunburn

A

Restrict - Risk of pain / secondary infection - Avoid

56
Q

Contra-Indication - Undiagnosed lumps /swellings

A

Restrict - Risk of pain - Avoid
Encourage client to see a medical professional for diagnosis

57
Q

Treatment adaptation - Obese Client

A

Deeper movements are necessary.
Deep petrissage techniques and, when performing a body massage,
hacking, cupping, beating and pounding should be used on areas of
excess adipose tissue

58
Q

Treatment adaptation - Muscular Client

A

Use deep, firm effleurage.
Use slow, deep kneading over tense areas to relax muscles.
Avoid deep petrissage movements on short contracted muscles - may be painful. Use stretching instead.

59
Q

Treatment Adaptation - Elderly / frail client

A

Avoid tapotement over bony areas.
Use gentle pressure throughout
Apply extra frictions around joint areas & passive movements to
increase joint mobility.

60
Q

Commercial treatment time - Back massage

A

20-25 minutes

61
Q

Commercial Treatment time - full body massage

A

60 minutes

62
Q

Commercial treatment time - Full body with face & scalp

A

75 minutes

63
Q

Environmental conditions for massage

A

Warm (21 degrees)
Relaxing / neutral decor
Quiet / relaxing music
Free from unpleasant smells / use an oil diffuser
Private

64
Q

Importance of maintaining client privacy

A

Client comfort / well being / to allow them to relax & enjoy the treatment
To avoid embarrassment

65
Q

Importance of correct client & therapist positioning (couch height, removal of hazards etc)

A

To prevent injury & fatigue (Therapist)
To ensure the therapist can access the area to give an effective treatment
Client comfort & safety

Level 2 Diploma for Beauty Professionals (2 decks)

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