Unit 20: Land-Use Controls and Property Development Flashcards
Land use is controlled and regulated through ______ restrictions, such as planning, ______, building codes, and subdivision plans; _______ restrictions imposed by deed; and direct _________ of land by federal, state, and local governments.
public, zoning, private, ownership
The ______ power of the state is its authority to create regulations to protect the public health, safety, and welfare. A _____________ plan (master plan) created by a local government usually covers land use, housing needs, movement of people and goods, community facilities and utilities, and energy conservation.
police, comprehensive
______ ordinances are local laws implementing the land uses designated in the comprehensive plan and typically cover items such as permitted uses, lot sizes, types of structures, building heights, ________, style and appearance of structures, density, and protection of _______ _________.
Zoning, setbacks, natural resources
Zoning classifies property by uses and types, such as commercial, __________, residential, agricultural, and _______ ____ ____________ (PUDs).
industrial, planned unit developments
Other ways in which zoning is used include ______ zones separating residential from nonresidential areas, ____ zoning to control density, _________ zoning to specify certain types of architecture for new buildings, and _________ zoning to require certain uses in developments.
buffer, bulk, aesthetic, incentive
Zoning is enforced through the use of _______. An individual case may be considered by a zoning hearing board (or zoning board of appeals), which may decide to allow a _____________ use to continue, grant a variance from a zoning ordinance to permit a prohibited land use to avoid undue hardship, or grant a ___________-use permit (special-use permit).
permits, nonconforming, conditional
Building codes require permits for new construction and __________ of or _________ to existing construction.
remodeling, additions
A certificate of _________ is issued upon satisfactory completion of work for which a building permit was issued.
occupancy
A __________ buys undeveloped acreage and divides it into smaller lots for sale to individuals or developers. A _________ improves land and constructs homes or other buildings that are then sold.
subdivider, developer
A ____ map (subdivision map) shows geographic boundaries of separate land parcels, usually by showing ______ of land divided into individual lots. A subdivision plan describes subdivision features, including _______ easements, in compliance with zoning and other laws.
plat, blocks, utility
Private land-use controls include deed ____________ that are placed in a deed and the c________, c_________, and r___________ (CC&Rs) placed or referenced in deeds to all property owners in a subdivision.
restrictions, covenants, conditions, and restrictions
The federal Interstate Land Sales Full Disclosure Act (ILSA) regulates the interstate sale of unimproved lots in subdivisions of __ or more lots of less than __ acres each. The law does not apply to subdivisions sold solely to __________. State subdivision laws may also apply to sales within the state of subdivisions located either ______ or _______ the state.
25, 20, developers, inside or outside
Through ________ ____, states delegate to counties and local municipalities the authority to enact ordinances in keeping with general laws.
enabling acts
A town located near a small recreational lake enacts a new zoning code. Under the new code, commercial buildings are not permitted within 1,000 feet of the lake. A commercial building that is permitted to continue in its former use even though it is built on the lakeshore is an example of _____________ use.
nonconforming
