Unit 20 Flashcards
Analytical Methods
Discount factor
(1 + r)n
Rule of 72 equation
72 ÷ rate (whole number) = # of years
Definition of IRR
Method of computing long-term returns that takes into consideration time value of money
What yield is used in IRR
Yield to maturity
Is IRR or NPV generally considered more importnat
NPV
What IRR is always expressed as
A percentage
What NPV is expressed as
Dollar amount
What term duration is used for
Measuring the sensitivity of a debt security when faced with changes in interest rates
The lower the coupon rate, what is bond’s duration
Longer
The longer a bond’s maturity, what is bond’s duration
Longer
If we find two bonds with the same duration, which one offers greater interest rate risk protection
The one with higher convexity
Which of the following is the most useful in determining the price volatility of a bond to a significant change in interest rates?
Convexity
What factors are needed to compute future cash flow (3)
- Principal amount
- Coupon rate
- Number of interest payments
What an analyst would use the discounted cash flow method for
Finding fair value of a security
When comparing the arithmetic mean to the geometric mean, which will always be higher
Arithmetic mean
Mid-range calculation
Lowest number + highest number / 2
What measure shows which investments significantly outperformed the average of the other investments
Mean
Alpha computation
(Actual portfolio return – risk-free rate) – (portfolio beta × [market return – risk-free rate])
What to do if risk-free rate is not given on exam
Leave it out of calculation
Difference between beta and standard deviation
Beta only measures systematic (market) risk, standard deviation measures both systematic and unsystematic
Formula for working capital
Current assets – current liabilities
What working capital is
Amount of capital or cash a company has available
Current ratio calculation
Divide the current assets by the current liabilities
Formula for book value per share
Tangible assets – liabilities – par value of preferred /
Shares of common stock outstanding
Earnings available to common
Remaining earnings after the preferred dividend has been paid
EPS formula
Earning available to common / # of shares outstanding
Current yield formula
Common dividends / share value