Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Mya- American History > Unit #20 > Flashcards

Unit #20 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® World History flashcards AP® U.S. History flashcards World History 102 flashcards U.S. History 102 flashcards AP® European History flashcards World History 101 flashcards European History 101 flashcards U.S. History 101 flashcards
1
Q

Who were the three main candidates for President in 1912 and what party did each represent?

A

Theodore Roosevelt (Progressive Party)
William Howard Taft (Republican Party)
Woodrow Wilson (Democrat Party)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What two positions had Woodrow Wilson held immediately before becoming President?

A

President of Princeton University and Governor of New Jersey

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How did Congress change the tariff during Wilson’s presidency?

A

Enactment of the Underwood Tariff of 1913 which reduced rates (cutting the average rate from around 40% to 29%)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What new tax did Congress enact to get more revenue?

A

A graduated personal income tax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What banking system was created in 1913?

A

The Federal Reserve Act of 1913. The new law divided the country into twelve Federal Reserve districts, each with a Federal Reserve System

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What new commission was formed to oversee companies involved in interstate commerce?

A

Federal Trade Commission

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Tumultuous events in what western hemisphere country dominated Wilson’s foreign policy during his first term as President?

A

Mexico

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Who was Wilson’s Secretary of State for most of Wilson’s first term?

A

William Jennings Bryan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Against whom did Wilson run in 1916?

A

Charles Evans Hughes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What phrase did the Democrats use about Wilson in the 1916 campaign?

A

“He Kept Us Out of War”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What were three factors contributing to an explosive situation in Europe?

A

(1) The policy of imperialism; creating empire to build wealth, prestige, and power, (2) nationalism; countries wanting to take over other countries, and (3) rivalries of various states for power and the same land

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What were the opposing alliances that had formed in Europe?

A

Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy formed the Triple Alliance

France, Russia, England formed the Triple Entente, also called the Allied Powers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What was the spark that erupted into a world war?

A

When Archduke Francis Ferdinand (heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne) and his wife were assassinated by Serbian nationalist Gavrilo Princip on the streets of Sarajevo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What was the long-running military aspect of the war?

A

Stalemated trench warfare along a narrow western front near the French-German border

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What was the original American position on the war?

A

Neutrality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How was American public opinion divided regarding the combatant nations?

A

Most Americans supported Great Britain and France because of historical friendships

German-Americans wanted to support Germany

Irish-Americans hated Great Britain

Polish and Jewish Americans disliked Russia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What policy of Germany challenged American neutrality?

A

Germany declared a zone of attack around the British Isles. All ships were subject to attack without warning by Germany (including non-military vessels). American ships were being attacked

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What British passenger liner was sunk on May 7, 1915?

A

Lusitania

19
Q

Why did Secretary of State Bryan resign?

A

Out of fear that President Wilson’s messages of warning to Germany would provoke a German declaration of war

20
Q

What did Wilson say that he wanted to see?

A

“A peace without victory”

21
Q

What was the Zimmerman telegram?

A

A telegram sent from a German foreign minister (Arthur Zimmerman) to the German ambassador in Mexico, instructing the him to approach the Mexican government about a possible alliance with Mexico if Germany went to war with the United States. This suggested that Mexico might win back Texas, Arizona, and New Mexico.

22
Q

When did the United Staes formally enter the war?

A

April 6th, 1917

23
Q

Who led the first American forces to Europe?

A

General John Pershing

24
Q

How did the U.S. get more men to become soldiers?

A

A draft (called the Selective Service) to register men between 21 and 30

25
Q

What programs were instituted on the home front to help the war effort?

A

The Food Administration, the Fuel Administration, and The War Industrial Board

26
Q

What steps did the government take in influence and control public opinion?

A

The Committee on Public Information and new laws forbade criticism of the government

27
Q

How did Russia conclude its participation in the war?

A

The Bolsheviks (Communist) staged a revolution in Nov. of 1917 and took control of Russia. The new government made a peace treaty with Germany and pulled out of the war

28
Q

What was Wilson’s plan, revealed in January of 1918, for settling war issues?

A

Fourteen Points speech

29
Q

What was the date when the war ended?

A

November 11, 1918

30
Q

Who was the greatest individual hero of the war

A

Alvin C. York

31
Q

What partisan steps did Wilson take concerning preparations for peace?

A

He appealed to the American public to return to a Democratic Congress and he didn’t name a single Republican to the peace delegation

32
Q

How was Wilson received when he went to Europe?

A

He was wildly welcomed as a hero and savior

33
Q

Who were the three leaders of other nations who influenced the treaty negotiations most?

A

Prime Minister David Lloyd George (Great Britain)

Premier Georges Clemenceau (France)

Premier Vittorio Orlando (Italy)

34
Q

What expectations did Wilson have to contend with as negotiations began?

A

With secret treaties which had been made at the beginning of the war (carving up parts of Germany and Austria-Hungary) with which the other three countries wanted honored, but Wilson had objections

35
Q

What were the feelings of the Allied leaders about how to treat Germany

A

They wanted to make Germany pay for the damages; they had no intentions of being kind. However, Wilson wanted world peace without the sense of winners enjoying the conquest of losers

36
Q

What was Wilson’s main agenda item for the treaty and the peace?

A

The formation of a League of Nations, which he believed could prevent or limit future wars

37
Q

How was Germany punished by the terms of the treaty?

A

Demilitarization of the West Bank of the Rhine and the giving of the coal-rich Alsace-Lorraine region to France

German collies to be given to the victor names

Germany accepting the blame for the war, paying huge sums of reparations to the victor nations, and the military being reduced to a tiny force

38
Q

What did Wilson do to make sure that the League of Nations was included in the treaty?

A

Accepted the provisions the other nations placed in Germany

39
Q

What was the proposed structure of the League of Nations?

A

General assembly of one representative from each member nations, overseen by a secretary-general. The U.S., Britain, France, Italy, and Japan would be permanent member and other nations would rotate

40
Q

What complaints were voiced in America about the treaty?

A

German-Americans didn’t like the harsh terms imposed on Germany, Irish didn’t like that no provisions were made for an independent Ireland, and Italian-Americans didn’t believe that Italy had gotten enough in the settlement

41
Q

How did Senate Republicans respond to the treaty?

A

They pledged themselves to defeat the treaty

42
Q

What happened to Wilson while he was trying to build public support for the treaty?

A

He had a stroke that paralyzed his entire left side

43
Q

What happened to the Treaty of Versailles in the Senate?

A

The treaty was defeated twice

44
Q

What problems did the U.S. face after the war?

A

The need for workers fell, farm prices decreased, there were lots of worker strikes, and the fear of communist revolutionaries in the country (called the Red Scare)

Mya- American History (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions