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Mya- American History > Unit #18 > Flashcards

Unit #18 Flashcards

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1
Q

Who won the presidential election of 1892?

A

Grover Cleveland

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2
Q

What hit the country soon after Cleveland took office?

A

The Panic of 1893

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3
Q

On what did the President blame the economic downturn?

A

Sherman Silver Purchase Act

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4
Q

What issues divided Democrats?

A

The repeal of the Sherman Silver Purchase Act and the support for the gold standard

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5
Q

What was passed and then declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court?

A

Income tax

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6
Q

Who were the major party nominees in 1896?

A

William McKinley (Republican) and William Jennings Bryan (Democrat)

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7
Q

What was the dilemma of the Populist Party?

A

If they nominated Bryan (own candidate), it would split the anti-Republican vote and allow McKinley to win.

They also feared that their identity would be swallowed up by the Democrats

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8
Q

How did the major party candidates differ in their campaigning in 1896?

A

McKinley delivered speeches from his front porch and had them reported in the newspaper.

Bryan visited over twenty states, logged 18,000 miles, and gave six hundred speeches.

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9
Q

What were some reasons why McKinley won in 1896?

A

(1) Many blamed Cleveland and the Democrats for the recent recession
(2) Some Republican managers treated to fire employees if Bryan won

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10
Q

What were two important pieces of legislation passed by Congress during McKinley’s term?

A

Dingley Tariff of 1897 and The Gold Standard Act of 1900

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11
Q

What tactics were used in the South to prevent blacks from voting?

A

Intimidations, unfair application of voting laws, residency requirements, convictions for petty crimes, poll taxes, and literacy tests

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12
Q

What was the status of blacks in the North during this time?

A

Blacks were treated unfairly; racial prejudices and enforced racial segregation

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13
Q

What did the Supreme Court rule in 1883 regarding the application of the 14th Amendment?

A

It ruled that the amendment only applies to state action, not individual. Segregation in the private sector was legal

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14
Q

What was a common practice that was used to justify segregation?

A

Separate but equal. They said that even though blacks were separate, their opportunities were equal

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15
Q

What did Plessy v. Ferguson say about the separate but equal practice?

A

That maintaining separate facilities for the races was an appropriate policy by state governments in carrying out its police power

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16
Q

What is the term for a mob execution of a black?

A

Lynching

17
Q

What was the position of Booker T. Washington on progress for blacks?

A

Blacks could help themselves by getting an education, pursue a trade, and help society. Lamented segregation but accepted it.

18
Q

What was the position of W. E. B. Du Bois on progress for blacks?

A

He chafed at the segregation imposed on blacks, urged direct protest and political involvement. Believed blacks deserved true equality

19
Q

What were some factors that led to the success of the Progressive Movement?

A

Youthful energy, well educated, urban, and politically aware and involved

20
Q

What were some conditions that Progressives wanted to address?

A

Election, government, poor working conditions, corrupt city government, poor housing

21
Q

What changes in elections did Progressives propose?

A

Secret ballot voting, direct primaries, initiative and referendum (voters to propose and vote on new laws, and recalls (removal of elected official by petition and voting)

22
Q

What changes to local government did Progressives propose?

A

Switching from a mayor-city council format to a commission and the use of professional city managers

23
Q

What city was the first to adopt a commission form of government?

A

Galveston, Texas

24
Q

What work conditions did Progressives seek to change?

A

Regulating child and female labor, limiting normal workdays to ten hours, cream of minimum wage, regulation of business practices (monopolies), and government regulation of municipal utilities

25
Q

What was a social issue that many progressives worked for?

A

The prohibition of alcoholic beverages

26
Q

What Wisconsin Senator was the leading Progressive spokesman?

A

Robert M. (“Fighting Bob”) LaFollette

27
Q

Who furthered the Progressive cause the most on the national level?

A

Theodore Roosevelt

28
Q

What was the term used to describe writers who exposed abuses and failings in American life?

A

Muckrakers

29
Q

What were two books that helped turn American interests overseas?

A

Our Country: Its Possible Future and Its Present Crisis (written by Josiah Strong)

The influence of Sea Power upon History (written by Captain Alfred T. Mahan)

30
Q

How did the United States take over Hawaii?

A

They overthrew the queen and her government. The American-controlled government of Hawaii eventually annexed the islands in July of 1898

31
Q

What factors made life difficult for people in Cuba?

A

Spain was cruel and mistreating of Cubans. Revolts would be cruelly suppressed by Spain. General Valeriano (“Butcher”) Weyler rounded up Cuban civilians and put them in poor food and unsanitary detention camps.

32
Q

What events pushed McKinley and the United States toward war with Spain?

A

The blowing up of the USS Maine, and Spain’s refusal to let Cuba become an independent country

33
Q

What country besides Cuba was the target of U.S. attacks during the Spanish-American War?

A

Philippines

34
Q

What land did the United States gain as a result of the war and subsequent treaty?

A

Puerto Rico, Guam, Philippines, Cuba, and the Wake Island

35
Q

Why did some European nations operate spheres of influence in China?

A

To build their empire

36
Q

What name was given to a group of extreme Chinese nationalists by Westerners?

A

The Boxers

37
Q

How was the uprising in China settled?

A

Foreign nations involved in China rushed troops to the area to rescue the besieged foreigners.

China was required to pay about $333 million in damages to the foreign countries who claimed losses as a result of the rebellion

38
Q

What happened in the Philippines after the United States took over?

A

Filipinos fought a costly war against American troops until 1902

Mya- American History (10 decks)

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