Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Human Geo > Unit 2: Vocabulary > Flashcards

Unit 2: Vocabulary Flashcards

1
Q

Aging index

A

the number of people aged 65 years+ per 100 children aged 0 to 14 years old in a given population

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome)

A

an immune system disease causes by the Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which over a period of years weakens the capacity of the immune system to combat infection so that weight loss and weakness set in, hastening afflictions such as cancer or pneumonia and often leading to death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Census

A

a periodic and official count of a country’s population (“a way for the UN to make your children gay”)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Child mortality rate

A

a figure that describes the number of children that die between the first and fifth years of their lives (not to be confused with “infant mortality rate”)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Chronic (degenerative) diseases

A

afflictions that are long-lasting and now are more common due to higher life expectancies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Crude Birth Rate (CBR)

A

the number of live births yearly per thousand people in a population

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Crude Death Rate (CDR)

A

the number of deaths yearly per thousand people in a population

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Demographic transition

A

multistage model based on Western Europe’s experience that outlines changes in population growth as they are exhibited by countries undergoing industrialization; in this model, high birth and death rates are followed by plunging death rate, producing a huge net population gain; this is succeeded by the convergence of birth and death rates at a low level

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Dot map

A

a type of map in which one dot represents a certain number of a phenomenon such as a pipulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Doubling time

A

the time it takes for a population to double in size

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Endemic

A

a disease that is particular to a locality or region (ant: pandemic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Eugenic population policies

A

government policies which are designed to favor one racial sector over others

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Expansive population policies

A

government policies that encourage large families and raise the rate of population growth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Genetic (inherited) diseases

A

diseases that are causes by a variation or mutation of a gene or group of genes in a human

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)

A

a figure that describes the number of babies that die within the first year of their lives in a given population

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Infectious diseases

A

diseases that are spread by bacteria, viruses, or parasites; they diffuse directly from human to human

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Life expectancy

A

a figure indicating how long, on average, a person may be expected to live; this number is normally expressed in the context of a particular state

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Megalopolis

A

a term used to designate large coalescing super-cities that are forming in diverse parts of the world (formerly capitalized to represent the specific region known as the Boston-Washington multimetropolitan corridor; but is now used with a lowercase “m”)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Natural increase

A

population growth measures as the excess of live births over deaths (not including emigration or immigration movements)

20
Q

One-child policy

A

a program established by the Chinese government (1979) to slow population growth in China; uses strict legal impositions to limit the number of children to which a woman can give birth

21
Q

Physiological population density

A

The number of people per unit area of arable land

22
Q

Population composition

A

Structure of a population in terms of age, sex, and other properties such as marital status and education

23
Q

Population density

A

a measurement of the number of people per given unit of land

24
Q

Population distribution

A

description of locations on the Earth’s surface where populations live

25
Q

Population explosion

A

the rapid growth of the world’s human populace during the past century, attended by ever-shorter doubling times and accelerating rates of increase

26
Q

Population pyramids

A

visual representation of the age and sex composition of a population whereby the percentage of each age group (generally in 5-yr increments) is represented by a horizontal bar the length of which represents its relationship to the total population; the males in each age group are represented to the left of the center line of each horizontal bar, while the female statistics are located to the right

27
Q

Restrictive population policies

A

government policies designed to reduce the rate of natural increase

28
Q

Stationary population level

A

the level at which a national population ceases to grow

29
Q

Total Fertility Rate (TFR)

A

the average number of children born to a woman during her childbearing years

30
Q

Zero population growth

A

a state in which a population is maintained at a constant level because the umber of deaths is exactly offset by the number of births

31
Q

Carrying capacity

A

the maximum population size that the environment can sustain indefinitely given the necessities available in the environment

32
Q

Cohort

A

a group of people banded together or treated as a group

33
Q

Demographic dividend

A

a period during which fertility rates fall due to significant reductions in infant and child mortality

34
Q

Demographic equation

A

a mathematical equation used to determine changes in a population (Rate of Natural Increase = Crude Birth Rate - Crude Death Rate)

35
Q

Demographic momentum

A

the tendency for a population to continue growing after a decline in fertility because of their young age distribution; once this stage occurs, a country moves onto a demographic transition

36
Q

Dependency ratio

A

the number of people in a population who cannot work

37
Q

Ecumene

A

the area of land occupied by humans

38
Q

Maladaptation

A

an adaptation that does more harm than good (see: “MAL-“)

39
Q

Mortality

A

death; how many people die

40
Q

Natality

A

birth; how many are born

41
Q

Agriculture density

A

the ratio of the number of farmers to the amount of available arable land

42
Q

Arithmetic density

A

the total number of people divided by the total land area

43
Q

Pro-natalist policy

A

a policy that encourages child-bearing

44
Q

Anti-natalist policy

A

a policy that discourages child-bearing

45
Q

Rate of Natural Increase (RNI)

A

difference of CDR and CBR in a given year

Human Geo (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions