Unit 2 Vocabulary

Question 1

The belief that for a republic to survive, citizens must be virtuous

Answer 1

Republicanism

Question 2

Law that established a basis for governing the Northwest Territory

Answer 2

Northwest Ordinance

Question 3

When Farmers in Massachusetts rose up in protest over increased taxes & to hopefully stop courts from foreclosing on their farms

Answer 3

Shay’s Rebellion

Question 4

A set of laws issued by Second Continental Congress

Answer 4

Articles of Confederation

Question 5

Representation by states/equal representation, Unicameral legislature

Answer 5

New Jersey Plan

Question 6

Representation by population, Bicameral national legislature, Executive would be elected by Congress

Answer 6

Virginia Plan

Question 7

Agreement reached that combined ideas of the Virginia and New Jersey plans to create the Legislative branch

(Hint: Also called the Connecticut Plan)

Answer 7

Great Compromise

Question 8

Included in the Constitution to count each slave as 3/5th of a person toward the population

Answer 8

Three-fifths (3/5) Compromise

Question 9

Division of government into national and state government levels

Answer 9

Federalism

Question 10

Supported a strong federal government

Answer 10

Federalists

Question 11

One who opposed ratification of the Constitution

Answer 11

Anti-Federalists

Question 12

Explained the Framers’ intention in writing the Constitution

Answer 12

Federalist Papers

Question 13

The first ten amendments to the Constitution guaranteeing individual rights and giving power to the states. Created to support the Constitution from the Anti-Federalists

Answer 13

Bill of Rights

Question 14

Official approval or agreement

Answer 14

Ratification

Question 15

Making sure that one branch of government cannot overpower another by giving each one the ability to limit the power of other branches

Answer 15

Checks and Balances

Question 16

Branch of government that interprets laws according to the Constitution

Answer 16

Judicial Branch

Question 17

Branch of government that enforces laws

Answer 17

Executive Branch

Question 18

Branch of government that makes laws

Answer 18

Congress

Question 19

Division of roles of the government into 3 parts

Answer 19

Separation of Powers

Question 20

Political Party led by Alexander Hamilton that supported a powerful federal government and loose interpretation of the Constitution

Answer 20

Federalist Party

Question 21

Political Party led by Thomas Jefferson that supported a powerful state government and a strict interpretation of the Constitution

Answer 21

Republican Party

Question 22

Tax on imported goods making the price high enough to protect domestic goods from foreign competition

Answer 22

Protective Tariffs

Question 23

Founded in 1791 in Philadelphia

Answer 23

First Bank of the United States

Question 24

1798 laws that allowed the government to imprison or deport aliens, and to prosecute its critics

(Hint: Also known as Alien and Sedition Acts)

Answer 24

Alien Act

Question 25

Power of the Supreme Court to decide whether the acts of a president or laws passed by Congress are Constitutional

Answer 25

Judicial Review

Question 26

Diplomatic controversy in 1798 in which French officials demanded bribes of American negotiators

Answer 26

XYZ Affair