Unit 1 Vocabulary Flashcards
A company run by a group of investors who share the company’s profits and losses
Joint Stock Company
Settlement colonists’ named to honor King James I
Jamestown
An individual who agreed to work without wages for a period of time in exchange for transportation to the colonies
Indentured Servant
English Protestants who believed in strict religious discipline & simplification of worship; settlers of Massachusetts Bay Colony
Puritans
Led a large group of Puritans to America in 1630
John Winthrop
Argued that settlers had no right to take land from Natives & that Massachusetts hadn’t done enough to break away from Anglican ways
Roger Williams
A man who was paid a debt by King Charles II of England as Pennsylvania; Founded Pennsylvania
William Penn
A religious group that sought an “Inner Light” to understand the Bible
Quakers
To build wealth in a nation or empire by developing its industries & exporting manufactured goods in exchange for gold and silver
Mercantilism
British trade laws enacted by Parliament during the mid 1700’s that regulated colonial commerce
Navigation Acts
British policy in early 1700’s which allowed the colonies virtual self-rule as long as Great Britain was gaining economically
Salutary Neglect
Rice, Indigo, Tobacco, Cotton, Wheat
Cash Crop examples
Three-way pattern of trade that involved England, English colonies in the Americas and West Africa
Triangular Trade
A leading preacher during the period of the Great Awakening
Jonathan Edwards
A time when Evangelical preachers traveled from town to town giving emotion packed sermons that deeply touched listeners
1st Great Awakening
A war started between the French & British Government of Virginia over the Ohio River Valley, where ultimately, Washington was defeated
French & Indian War
A document written after the British rebuilt their forts that ordered colonial settlers to remain east of the Appalachian Mountains
Proclamation of 1763
Lowered the duty on foreign molasses
Sugar Act
1765 law passed by Parliament that required colonists to pay taxes on printed materials
Stamp Act
Levied new import duties on items such as glass, lead, paper, & tea
Townshend Act
A visualization made by Paul Revere to demonize the British
Boston Massacre
When Boston Patriots boarded British ships with tea & dumped the tea into the harbor
Boston Tea Party
Acts that forced colonists to house British troops & allowed British officials to be tried for crimes in the colonies
Intolerable Acts
Announced American Independence and the reasons for it
2nd Continental Congress
A petition that reaffirmed the colonists’ allegiance to the King but not to Parliament
Olive Branch Petition
A book by Thomas Paine, an English immigrant, about independence from Britain, republican state governments, and a union of the new states
Common Sense
Document drawn up by the Second Continental Congress that announced American Independence & the reasons for it
Declaration of Independence
Those who opposed the British taxes
Patriots
Colonists’ who remained loyal to Britain during the Revolution
Loyalists
A victory took place & took on greater importance because it encouraged the French to recognize American Independence & to enter the war
Battle of Saratoga
In 1781, Washington marched most of his troops south. The French outnumbered Washington’s men
Battle of Yorktown
1783 peace treaty that ended the Revolutionary War and affirmed American Independence
Treaty of Paris
