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3a ap human > unit 2 vocab ap human > Flashcards

unit 2 vocab ap human Flashcards

1
Q

agricultural density

A

number of farmers per unit of area land

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2
Q

arable land

A

the land capable of being farmed

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3
Q

arithmetic density

A

Total number of people divided by the total land area.

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4
Q

ecumene

A

inhabited land

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5
Q

physiological density

A

the number of people per arable land

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6
Q

population density

A

the number of people per square mile

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7
Q

carrying capacity

A

the number of people a region can support with damaging the enviornment

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8
Q

overpopulation

A

having more people than a region can support

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9
Q

remittances

A

The transfer of money by workers to people in the country in which they emigrated

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10
Q

population pyramid

A

a graphical illustration of the distribution of a population by age groups and sex

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11
Q

sex ratio

A

the number of males per 100 females

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12
Q

zero population growth

A

this occurs when the number of people who die and emigrate out of a country equals the number of people who are born or immigrate into a country.

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13
Q

crude birth rate

A

the number of live births per 1,000 people

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14
Q

crude death rate

A

is a measure of the number of deaths in a particular population, scaled to the size of that population, per unit of time.

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15
Q

demography

A

the study of statistics such as births, deaths, income, or the incidence of disease, which illustrate the changing structure of human populations.

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16
Q

doubling time

A

the amount of time it takes for the population of a region to double

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17
Q

fertility

A

the average number of children born to each woman in a given region during the course of her lifetime.

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18
Q

Infant mortality rate

A

the number of infant deaths for every 1,000 live births

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19
Q

medical revolution

A

Medical technology invented in Europe and North America that is diffused to the poorer countries of Latin America, Asia, and Africa.

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20
Q

mortality

A

the ability of an individual to die

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21
Q

natural increase rate

A

the birth rate minus the death rate of a particular population, over a particular time period.

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22
Q

total fertility rate

A

the total number of children that would be born to each woman if she were to live to the end of her child-bearing years

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23
Q

Demographic transition model

A

the total number of children that would be born to each woman if she were to live to the end of her child-bearing years

24
Q

epidemiological transition model

A

a theory which “describes changing population patterns in terms of fertility, life expectancy, mortality, and leading causes of death.”

25
Q

pandemic

A

an epidemic of an infectious disease that has spread across a large region

26
Q

Malthusian theory

A

the theory that the world’s population was growing faster than the rate of food production, and as a result, mass starvation would occur.

27
Q

neo-malthusians

A

even though it is passed his time, these people believe Thomas Malthus is correct and the worlds populating too fast

28
Q

antinatalist policies

A

programs to decrease the number of births.

29
Q

pronatalist policies

A

policies which are designed with the purpose of increasing the birth rate/fertility rate of an area.

30
Q

Ravenstein Laws of migration

A

the theory that 1. most migrants relocate a short distance and remain within the same country. 2. long distance migrants to other countries head for major centers of economic activity.

31
Q

aging population

A

a population in which the percentage that is age 65 and older is increasing relative to other age groups.

32
Q

dependency ratio

A

refers to the percentage of people within a population who are either too young or too old to work and must therefore be supported by the labor of working adults within that population.

33
Q

industrial revolution

A

the transition to new manufacturing processes in Great Britain, continental Europe, and the United States

34
Q

life expectancy

A

The average number of years an individual can be expected to live, given current social, economic, and medical conditions.

35
Q

Emigration

A

moving out of or from an area permanently

36
Q

immigration

A

moving into an area permanently

37
Q

intervening obstacles

A

an environmental or cultural feature that hinders migration.

38
Q

pull factor

A

reasons or attractions that will bring someone into a country/region

39
Q

push factor

A

attractions or problems that will motivate someone to leave the country/region

40
Q

migration

A

an environmental or cultural feature of the landscape that helps migration.

41
Q

intervening oppurtunity

A

an environmental or cultural feature of the landscape that helps migration.

42
Q

asylum seeker

A

Someone who has migrated to another country in the hope of being recognized as a refugee.

43
Q

chain migration

A

Migration of people to a specific location because relatives or members of the same nationality previously migrated there.

44
Q

forced migration

A

the coerced movement of a person or persons away from their home or home region.

45
Q

guest worker

A

legal immigrant who has work visa, usually short term.

46
Q

internal migration

A

human movement within a nation-state,

47
Q

internally displaced persons

A

Someone who has been forced to migrate for similar political reasons to a refugee but has not migrated across an international border.

48
Q

refugees

A

people who are being forced to leave their traditional lands due to persecution or material hardship within their society.

49
Q

step migration

A

gradual migration, from farm to village to town to big city,

50
Q

transhumance

A

The movement of livestock from valleys in the winter to mountainous regions in the summer

51
Q

transnational migration

A

a process of movement and settlement across international borders in which individuals maintain or build multiple networks of connection to their country of origin while at the same time settling in a new country

52
Q

voluntary migration

A

is when someone chooses to leave home.

53
Q

brain drain

A

the large-scale emigration of a large group of individuals with technical skills or knowledge.

54
Q

net migration

A

the difference in the number of people who immigrate to and emigrate from a country.

55
Q

unauthorized immigrants

A

People who enter a country without proper documents

3a ap human (3 decks)

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