Unit 2 Vocab

Question 1

photosynthesis

Answer 1

the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water.

Question 2

holdover fires

Answer 2

is a peat fire which persists from year to year.

Question 3

Permafrost

Answer 3

a thick subsurface layer of soil that remains frozen throughout the year, occurring chiefly in polar regions.

Question 4

cellular respiration

Answer 4

the process by which organisms combine oxygen with foodstuff molecules, diverting the chemical energy in these substances into life-sustaining activities and discarding, as waste products, carbon dioxide and water.

Question 5

aerobic respiration

Answer 5

is the process of cellular respiration that takes place in the presence of oxygen gas to produce energy from food.

Question 6

anaerobic respiration

Answer 6

is a process which takes place in the absence of oxygen gas.

Question 7

Bromothymol Blue Solution (BTB)

Answer 7

is a pH indicator, commonly used for measuring the presence of carbonic acid or (Carbon dioxide) in a liquid.

Question 8

decomposition

Answer 8

The separation of a substance into simpler substances or basic elements.

Question 9

Carbon sources

Answer 9

are any natural or artificial production site of carbon and/or any chemical compounds composed of carbon, such as carbon dioxide and methane.

Question 10

carbon sink

Answer 10

is anything that absorbs more carbon from the atmosphere than it releases – for example, plants, the ocean and soil.

Question 11

starch

Answer 11

is a polysaccharide or complex carbohydrate that is made up of a chain of glucose molecules joined together in covalent bonds.

Question 12

glucose

Answer 12

is the main type of sugar in the blood and is the major source of energy for the body’s cells.