Unit 2: Variation Flashcards

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0
Q

What is a species?

A

A group of organisms that can reproduce to create fertile offspring

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1
Q

What is variation?

A

Variation is any difference between cells, individual organisms or groups of organisms of any species caused by genetic differences

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2
Q

What is random sampling?

A

Using coordinates to select random samples (unbiased).

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3
Q

What is normal distribution?

A

It shows the distribution of random variables on a bell shaped graph

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4
Q

What is the mean?

A

The average of a group of numbers

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5
Q

What is standard deviation?

A

Measures the spread of numbers, the average distance of each number from the mean

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6
Q

What is interspecific variation?

A

Variation within different species

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7
Q

What is intraspecific variation?

A

Variation within a species

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8
Q

What is genetic diversity?

A

The total number of genetic characteristics in the genetic make up of a species

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9
Q

What is a genetic bottleneck?

A

An event that leads to a decrease in the genetic variation within a population

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10
Q

What is the founder effect?

A

Genetic diversity being reduced due to the population having descended from only a few colonising ancestors

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11
Q

What is discontinuous variation?

A

When a characteristic is either present or absent, usually controlled by a single gene

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12
Q

What is continuous variation?

A

When there is a possibility of multiple characteristics; usually caused by polygenes, multiple genes.

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