Unit 2 - Types Of Proteins

Question 1

Are globular proteins water insoluble or soluble?

Answer 1

Globular proteins are water soluble

Question 2

Insulin is a —- protein

Answer 2

Globular

Question 3

Why do hormones need to be water soluble?

Answer 3

So they can travel in the blood stream, as hormones do

Question 4

Why do hormones have to be specific shapes?

Answer 4

Have to fit into specific receptors on the cell surface membrane

Question 5

What is a conjugated protein?

Answer 5

Globular proteins that contain a non-protein component

Question 6

What is a non protein component called

Answer 6

Prosthetic group

Question 7

What are proteins without a prosthetic group known as?

Answer 7

Simple proteins

Question 8

Examples of prosthetic groups

Answer 8

Glycoproteins, lipoproteins

Question 9

In each haemoglobin 4 subunits, there is..?

Answer 9

a prosthetic haem group, from fe 2+ ions

Question 10

How is haemoglobin able to carry oxygen?

Answer 10

The fe 2+ ions in the haemoglobins subunits (4x) are able to combine reversibly with an oxygen molecule

Question 11

What does catalase have 4 of?

Answer 11

Haem prosthetic groups

Question 12

What do the haem prosthetic groups in catalase enzyme allow it to do?

Answer 12

Can interact with hydrogen peroxide and speed up its breaking down, which is useful as it is damaging to cells

Question 13

What is a common byproduct of metabolism

Answer 13

Hydrogen peroxide, harmful if accumulates in cells

Question 14

Fibrous proteins are formed from

Answer 14

Long, insoluble molecules

Question 15

How are fibrous proteins so long

Answer 15

High proportion of amino acids with hydrophobic r groups, in primary structures

Question 16

The amino acid sequence in fibrous proteins is

Answer 16

Limited range, small r groups, quite repetitive

Question 17

What does the repetition of amino acids mean in a fibrous protein

Answer 17

Very organised structure

Question 18

Examples of fibrous proteins

Answer 18

Keratin, elastin, collagen

Question 19

Which protein is NOT folded into a complex, 3D shape?

Answer 19

Fibrous, globular are!

Question 20

What amino acid does keratin have a lot of?

Answer 20

High sulfur contented cysteine!

Question 21

What determines the flexibility of a fibrous protein

Answer 21

Amount of disulfide bridges - hair has less than nails, which are more brittle
Cysteine amino acid, very frequent in keratin that has lots of sulfur

Question 22

Where is the fibrous protein elastin found?

Answer 22

The walls of blood vessels, alveoli in lungs
Enable to stretch when needed, and return back to normal shape

Question 23

Elastin has a _____ protein

Answer 23

Quaternary, made of many stretchy molecules called tropoelastin

Question 24

What is elastin made of

Answer 24

Tropoelastin

Question 25

Where is collagen found

Answer 25

Connective tissue, (skin, tendons, ligaments, nervous system)