Unit 2 - Lipids Flashcards
Lipids contain
Hydrogen, oxygen, carbon
Is lipid polar or non polar and why?
NON polar
As electrons in the outer shell, that form bonds, are more evenly distributed that polar molecules
There are no positive or negative areas
Why do lipids and water not mix
Lipids have no areas or positive and negative so are non polar
Water is polar
Polar and non polar do not mix as the polar has distinct negative positive areas
Lipids are large complex molecules known as
Macromolecules
In a triglyceride, what groups do the components belong to?
1 glycerol, 3 fatty acids
Glycerol is an alcohol
Fatty acids are carboxylic acids (-COOH)
What is esterification?
Both glycerol and fatty acids have a hydroxyl OH group
They interact, leading to formation of three water molecules and bonds between the fatty acids and the glycerol
These are ester bonds
It is a condensation reaction
Ester group
C=oo
What does having a double bond do the structure of a fatty acid chain
Causes the molecule to kink or bend
So the molecule cannot pack so closely together
So are liquid at room temp, nots solid
Phospholipids are
Modified triglycerides, as they contain phosphorous as well as c h and o
What is found in the cyctoplasm of every cell
Inorganic phosphate ions po4 3-
Phosphate ions are
Soluble in water as they have extra electrons
Phospholipids have, due to their length
A non polar end (tail), the fatty acid chains
And a charged end, (head) which is the phosphate group
Tails are hydrophobic heads are hydrophilic
What is a surfactant
Due to the hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails of phospholipids, they will form a layer on the surface of water with the heads inside and the tails sticking out
Short for surface active agents
Due to being surfactants
Phospholipids can separate aqueous environment in which cells usually exist, from the aqueous cytosol in cells.
Where does the body manufacture cholesterol
In the liver and intestines
