Unit 2: The Use Of Medical Technology Flashcards
What is the difference between AIH and AID?
AIH is when the husband’s sperm is used but AID uses a donor sperm to assist pregnancy.
What is artificial insemination?
Sperm medically inserted into the vagina to assist pregnancy
Why do some Christians say ‘all forms of artificial insemination are wrong’?
Why may some Christians say that ‘AIH is morally justified’?
Why might some Christians say ‘AID may be morally justified’?
What is the average cost and success rate of IVF?
Around £3,500 per course with a 22% success rate
Why are only two embryos placed inside the woman?
What is foetal reduction?
The killing of the weaker of multiple foetuses
Who is the surrogate (host) mother?
The one who has a baby for another woman
Who is the genetic mother?
The one whose egg is used
Who is the biological mother?
The one who carries the baby and gives birth to it
Who is the legal mother?
The one who gives birth to the child
Is there an example of surrogacy in the Bible? (Brief story of about 3 sentences)
Yes- Sarai, Abram’s wife was unable to bear children so she asked Abram to sleep with Hagar (Sarai’s slave) to have a child which would have been theirs.
3 moral problems of surrogacy
Christian arguments for surrogacy
Christian arguments against surrogacy
What is genetic engineering?
Modifying the genetic structure of living things.
Give some moral questions which Christians may ask about genetic engineering
Advantages of genetic engineering of animals and plants
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What is somatic cell therapy (gene therapy)?
A type of genetic engineering which is used to create new tissue cells to treat diseases
Christian arguments for somatic cell therapy
Arguments against somatic cell therapy
Tell me briefly about Rhys Evans
A little boy who did not respond to antibiotics because his immune system shut down.
He received somatic cell therapy in 2002 and it was successful.
What is a saviour sibling?
A sibling of a seriously sick child who is created for the saving of this child.
How is a saviour sibling created?
They are not genetically modified but are screened so that the embryo with the nearest DNA match, free of the condition, is implanted into the womb.
Christian arguments for saviour siblings
Arguments against saviour siblings
What is cloning?
The scientific method by which organisms which have exactly the same genetic makeup as the original can be created because the DNA of the original is used
Disadvantages of genetic engineering of animals
What is an embryo?
Fertilised ovum at about 12-14 days of when implanted into the uterus
What was the first sheep to be cloned and when?
Dolly the Sheep in 1997
What is reproductive cloning?
The use of cloning techniques to produce a baby
What is embryonic stem cell cloning?
A type of genetic engineering which is used to create new, identical life through embryonic stem cells from a human embryo, solely for the purpose of research
Up to what age can scientists experiment on embryos?
Up to 14 days old
What is the purpose of embryo experimentation?
To research the causes of miscarriage, contraception, infertility and genetically inherited diseases such as Parkinson’s
What is therapeutic cloning?
Another term for stem cell cloning- producing an identical human embryo solely for the purpose of research
What are hybrid embryos?
Embryos which are developed by putting human DNA into animal eggs
Why are hybrid embryos used?
There is a shortage of human eggs available for research and stem cells can be harvested from these embryos to find cures for genetic diseases
Advantages of GM crops
Arguments for embryo research/therapeutic cloning
Christian arguments against embryo research
Christian arguments concerning hybrid embryos
