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Honors Chemistry A > Unit 2: The Periodic Table Vocabulary > Flashcards

Unit 2: The Periodic Table Vocabulary Flashcards

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1
Q

Actinoid Definition

A

Elements in the bottommost of two rows that are set below the main table

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2
Q

Alkali Metal Definition

A

The metals found in the first column on the left of the periodic table

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3
Q

Alkaline Earth Metal Definition

A

The elements in the second column of the periodic table

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4
Q

Brittle Definition

A

Shatters easily

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5
Q

Conductivity Definition

A

The ability to easily transmit heat energy or electricity

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6
Q

Ductility Definition

A

The ability to be drawn into a wire

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7
Q

Halogen Definition

A

The elements in the second column from the right

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8
Q

Lanthanoid Definition

A

Elements in the uppermost of two rows that are set below the main table

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9
Q

Luster Definition

A

Shine

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10
Q

Malleability Definition

A

The ability to be hammered into thin sheets

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11
Q

Metal Definition

A

An element that is lustrous, conducts electricity and thermal energy, is malleable, is ductile, and often reacts with an acid

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12
Q

Metalloid Definition

A

An element that is solid at room temperature and weakly conducts electricity and thermal energy

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13
Q

Noble Gas Definition

A

Elements found in the right-most column of the periodic table

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14
Q

Nonmetal Definition

A

An element that isn’t lustrous, poorly conducts electricity and thermal energy, and is brittle

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15
Q

Period Table of Elements Definition

A

A table that lists all the known chemical elements arranged by increasing atomic number as you go from left to right and from top to bottom

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16
Q

Reactivity Definition

A

The ability to chemically react

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17
Q

Transition Metal Definition

A

Elements located in the middle of the periodic table (columns 3-12)

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18
Q

Atomic Mass Definition

A

The mass of an atom

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19
Q

Atomic Number Definition

A

The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

20
Q

Energy Level Definition

A

Area surrounding the nucleus occupied by electrons, also known as orbitals or shells; the location where an electron is most likely to be located in an atom, based on the energy of the electron

21
Q

Group Definition

A

A column in the periodic table

22
Q

Isotope Definition

A

An atom with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons than indicated on the periodic table

23
Q

Nucleus Definition

A

Small, dense region at the center of an atom composed of protons and neutrons; the dense, positively charged center of an atom that contains most of the mass of the atom

24
Q

Period Definition

A

A row in the periodic table

25
Q

Representative Elements Series Definition

A

Groups 1, 2, and 13-18 on the periodic table, labeled IA-VIIIA

26
Q

Valence Electrons Definition

A

Electrons located in the outermost shell or energy level of an atom

27
Q

Mass Number Definition

A

The sum of the protons and neutrons that make up the nucleus of an atom of an element

28
Q

Reaction Definition

A

Interaction between substances that leads to those substances changing chemically

29
Q

Average Atomic Mass Definition

A

The average of all naturally occurring isotopes of a given element weighted by their relative abundance

30
Q

Isotope Mass Definition

A

The mass of a particular isotope, usually given in atomic mass units (amu)

31
Q

Atomic Orbital Definition

A

Regions around the nucleus of an atom in which there is a high probability of finding electrons

32
Q

Elliptical Orbit Definition

A

Movement around an object in an oval shape

33
Q

Periodic Definition

A

Repeating in intervals

34
Q

Alpha-particles Definition

A

Positively-charged-nuclear particles that are identical to the nucleus of a helium atom with two protons and two neutrons

35
Q

Atom Definition

A

The smallest particle of an element that retains the properties of that element

36
Q

Coulomb Force Definition

A

The interaction between positive- and negative-charged particles

37
Q

Plum Pudding Model Definition

A

Early model of an atom proposed by J.J. Thomson in which electrons are embedded throughout a mass of positively-charged material

38
Q

Rutherford Model Definition

A

Model of an atom presented by Ernest Rutherford in which electrons surround a dense nucleus

39
Q

Electronegativity Definition

A

The tendency of an atom to attract electrons to itself from an atom of another element

40
Q

Covalent Bond Definition

A

Chemical bond in which two atoms share electrons

41
Q

Ion Definition

A

A charged particle

42
Q

Ionic Bond Definition

A

Chemical bond in which one or more electrons is transferred from one atom to another

43
Q

Metallic Bond Definition

A

Chemical bond in which a positively charged metal ion and a loosely held valence electron are attracted

44
Q

Ionic Compound Definition

A

A substance that consists of oppositely charged ions

45
Q

Molar Ratio Definition

A

The relationship between the amount of different elements that bond to create a compound or the relationship between the amount of any two compounds involved in a chemical reaction

Honors Chemistry A (3 decks)

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