Unit 2: The First Mark of the Church (One)

Question 1

heresy

Answer 1

committed when a baptized Christian denies a single truth about the Church; a wound to the Church’s unity

Question 2

apostasy

Answer 2

committed when a baptized Christian denies Christ, the whole Church, and Christian faith; a wound to the Church’s unity

Question 3

schism

Answer 3

when a group of Christians separate themselves from the Church because of an issue with papal authority; a wound to the Church’s unity.

Question 4

arianism

Answer 4

the belief that denied the divinity of Jesus, claiming that the Son of God was created by the Father

Question 5

docetism

Answer 5

the belief that said that Christ was not fully human and only appeared to be human

Question 6

monophysitism

Answer 6

the belief that Jesus only had one divine nature which absorbed His human nature

Question 7

pelagianism

Answer 7

the belief that human nature is not wounded by Original Sin and man does not need Jesus to save him

Question 8

donatism

Answer 8

the belief that the efficacy of the sacraments depends on the holiness of the minister

Question 9

ecumenical council

Answer 9

a universal gathering of bishops called by the Pope to address important issues in the Church

Question 10

ecumenism

Answer 10

a movement by Christians from different churches and communities to work together to unite Christian churches

Question 11

iconoclasm

Answer 11

when icons are removed from churches in the east and destroyed

Question 12

orthodox

Answer 12

right teaching

Question 13

What are the 4 marks of the Catholic Church?

Answer 13

one, holy, catholic, and apostolic

Question 14

What is the invisible source of unity in the Church?

Answer 14

the Trinity

Question 15

What are the 3 visible signs of unity in the Church?

Answer 15

1. the profession of faith (the creed)
2. the common celebration of Divine Worship and the Sacraments (sacraments)

3.Apostolic Succession

Question 16

What are the 3 main wounds to unity in the history of the Church?

Answer 16

1. heresies
2. apostasies
3. schisms

Question 17

Where were the 5 main centers of Christianity located?

Answer 17

1. Rome
2. Jerusalem
3. Constantinople
4. Antioch
5. Alexandria.

Question 18

What were the main issues that led to the Great Schism between the Church of the East and the Church of the West in 1054?

Answer 18

Church of the East: had the local patriarch as the highest authority, rejected the Filioque Clause in the Creed, rejected icons, and allowed priests to marry

Church of the West: had the pope as the highest authority, accepted the Filioque Clause in the Creed, accepted icons, and upheld priestly celibacy

Question 19

Can one commit heresy and apostasy before being baptized?

Answer 19

no

Question 20

What is the main difference between heresy and apostasy?

Answer 20

heresy: denies a single truth about the church

apostasy: denies Christ and the church as a whole

Question 21

What is the relationship between heresies and ecumenical councils?

Answer 21

ecumenical councils can be called to denounce and correct heresies

Question 22

In what century did the Protestant Reformation occur?

Answer 22

16th century (1500s)

Question 23

What were the 3 elements that made up Luther’s theology? How are they different from the Catholic Tradition?

Answer 23

1. Sola Scriptura
2. Sola Gratia
3. Sola Fide

Sola Scriptura is different from the Catholic Tradition because Catholic Tradition has Sacred Scripture and Sacred Tradition while Sola Scriptura means Scripture alone

Sola Gratia and Sola Fide are different from the Catholic Tradition because Sola Fide and Sola Gratia mean faith and grace alone and nothing we do can save us while Catholic Tradition has us do actions that help us be saved along with faith and grace

Question 24

What was the Council that responded to the issues of the Protestant Reformation?

Answer 24

Council of Trent

Question 25

Are Eastern Catholic Churches in communion with the Roman Catholic Church?

Answer 25

yes because they both have “Catholic” in their name

Question 26

What are the essential differences between the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church?

Answer 26

Roman Catholic Church: believes in papal authority, have sacraments of initiation are spread out over time, believe in purgatory/indulgences, had a liturgical reform, and have less asceticism and fasting

Eastern Orthodox Church: do not believe in papal authority (all bishops are equal), have sacraments of initiation celebrated all together in infancy, do not believe in purgatory/indulgences; had little to no liturgical reform, and have more fasting