Unit 2 Test pt. 1 Flashcards
Types of tissues:
Connective, Muscle, Epithelial, Nervous
Eukaryotic Cells
- Evolved
- Has a Nucleus
- Ex. Humans
Prokaryotic Cells
- Around longer
- No Nucleus
- Can survive alone
- Ex. Bacteria
Domain:
Bacteria
- Cyanbobacteria (makes food)
- Heterotrophic Bacteria (cosumes food)
Domain:
Archaea
- ancient*
- Halophiles (survive in salty)
- Thermophiles (survive in high temperatures)
Domain:
Eukaryota
animals, fungi, plants, protists
The cell Theory:
1) Cells come from other cells: Virchow
2) All life is made up of cells: Schwann
Cell Theory Development:
- Pasteur: broth exteriment with tube
- Redi: Meat and maggots (against spontaneous generation)
- Hooke: Discovered and named cells after where he lived
- Janssen Brothers: Created the first compound microscope
- Leeuwenhoek: Modified lens to better magnify samples
Theory of Endosymbiosis:
Eukaryotic cells formed from a symbiosis amoung several different prokaryotic organisms.
** 1 prokaryotic cell ate 2 other cells forming the chloroplasts and mitocondreas
Endosymbiosis Evidence:
- M and C are similar in size
- M and C can divide on their own
- M and C have their own DNA like bacteria
- M and C have double membranes
Characteristics of Life
1) Ordered structures
2) Regulation of internal conditions (homeostasis)
3) Growth and development
4) Energy processing
5) Response to enviroment
6) Able to reproduce
7) Evolutionary adaptations
Viruses:
Characteristics
- Simple structure: Nucleic Acid wrapped in a Protein Coat
- Infect host
- Host provides tools and raw materials to help replicate
- Do not make or consume food
Viruses:
How they work
- Viruses invade cells and inject their DNA
- DNA directs the cells to make more viruses
- The cells burst open and nw viruses are released
Viruses:
Examples
- Spanish Flu
- Small Pox (Women who worked with cows were immune)
Protists Include:
- Animal like zooflagellates
- Plant like unicellular algae
- Plant like red, brown, and green algae
- Fungus like protisans
Role of Vascular Tissues
transport fluid and nutrients internally
Circulatory System:
- Delivers materials
- Removes waste
- Fight diseases
Extretory System*:
-Collects waste and removes it from the body
Nervous System:
- Recieves and responds to information
- Maintain homeostasis
Skeletal System:
- Shape and support
- Enables movement
- Protects organs
Muscular System:
-Enables movement of the body and internal organs
Functional Unit in Kidneys
Nephrons (microscopic filters)
Hallmarks of Cancer:
- Sustaining proliferative signaling
- Evading growth suppressors
- Resisting cell death/ apoptosis
- Enabling replicative immortality (won’t die)
- Growing blood vessles, growing apart
- Activating Invasion (pushing past boundaries)
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Synthesizes protiens ( studded with ribosomes)
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Synthesizes lipids
Golgi Apparatus
Help transport and store molecules
Ribosomes
Synthesize (build) protiens
Cell Membrane
Separates the cell and controls the entrance and exit of substances
Chloroplasts
Site of photosynthesis, creates food and energy
Mitocondria
Carry out respiration, creates energy
Movement Organelles
Cilia, flagella, pilli, microtubles, pseudopodia (protists)
Mitosis
- the division of a single cell into two genetically identical daughter cells
IPMAT *review flipbook
Binary Fission
a parent prokaryote cell divides into two individual of about equal size
Ex. Bacteria
Budding
an individual developed from an outgrowth of a parent , spilts off and lives independently
Ex. Yeast
Regeneration
theregrowth of body parts from pieces of an organism
ex. starfish
Natural Vegetative Propagation
new plants are able to arise without the production of seeds or spores
Artifcial Vegitative Propagation
the creating of new plants other than natural means
