Unit 2 test Flashcards
cell theory
All living organisms are composed of cells. They may be unicellular or multicellular.
The cell is the basic unit of life.
Cells arise from pre-existing cells.
cell membrane
The cell membrane is not a solid structure. It is made of millions of smaller molecules that create a flexible and porous container
Glycolipids
Glycolipids are lipids with a carbohydrate attached. Their role is to provide energy and also serve as markers for cellular recognition.
active trasport
transport of substances with the use of ATP
Passive transport
transport of substances without the use of ATP
facilitated Diffusion
is the process of spontaneous passive transport of substances across a biological membrane via specific transmembrane integral proteins.
osmosis
the spontaneous net movement of solvent molecules through a semipermeable membrane into a region of higher solute concentration, in the direction that tends to equalize the solute concentrations on the two sides.
endocyclosis
a process of transporting materials into a cell
exocyclosis
the process of transporting materials out of a cell
cystic Fibrosis
a genetic disorder where mucus builds up in the lungs causing lung damage and difficulty breathing
enzymes
a protein that acts as a biological catalyst, lowering the amount of energy needed to start a reaction while not being used in the process
prokaryote
a cell without a nucleus or any organelles
eukaryote
a plant/animal cell, more advanced than Prokaryotes, having multiple organelles, a nucleus along with many other differances
plant cells vs animal cells
plant cells have cell walls, vacuoles and chloroplasts; which do photosynthesis. Animal cells have Lysosomes and centrioles and mainly get their food from other cells
Ribosomes
small bodies composed of RNA and protein scattered throughout the Cytoplasm, they catalyse the synthesis of a cell’s proteins
