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World Geo > Unit 2 Test > Flashcards

Unit 2 Test Flashcards

1
Q

What is the importance of the Panama Canal?

A

Connects the Atlantic and pacific oceans. It is a major trade route and saves ships a lot of time and money.

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2
Q

How does the global supply chain work?

A

It’s like a puzzle. Moves goods from suppliers to manufacturers to distributors and finally to consumers.

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3
Q

What are the causes of disruptions of goods?

A

Natural disasters, transportation issues, labor strikes, political unrest, and pandemics can disrupt the supply chain.

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4
Q

What are the members of CAFTA?

A

Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Dominican Republic, Haiti, United States

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5
Q

What are the members of USMCA?

A

Canada, Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, United States, Chile, Costa Rica, Panama

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6
Q

What are the members of Mercosur?

A

Argentina, Bolivian, Brazil, Columbia, Chile, Ecuador, Guyana, Peru, Uruguay

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7
Q

What are primary examples?

A

Drilling for oil
Farming
Mining diamonds
Extraction of raw materials

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8
Q

What are secondary examples?

A

Processing/manufacturing of raw materials
Clothing factory
Construction of buildings
Car manufactoring

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9
Q

What are tertiary examples

A

Tourism
Service related activities
Has the highest portion of workforce in developed countries
Real estate

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10
Q

What are quaternary examples

A

Research based activities
Medical research
High tech jobs

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11
Q

What are Quincey examples

A

President of the US
President of the European Commission
High level decision making role

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12
Q

Stage 1 of the DTM

A

No country is in this stage

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13
Q

Stage 2 of the DTM

A

Less developed country
Country is dominant in the primary sector of the economy
Inadequate infrastructure
Lack of technology
Rapid population growth
High youth dependency ratio (lots of children)

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14
Q

Stage 3 of the DTM

A

Growing but growth has showed from previous stage
Newly industrialized country
Dominant in the secondary sector of the economy

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15
Q

Stage 4 of the DTM

A

Population is stationary little to zero growth
More developed country (stable population)
Dominant in the tertiary sector of the economy (stable population)

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16
Q

Stage 5 of the DTM

A

Population is declining
More developed country (declining population)
Dominant in the tertiary sector of the economy (decline in population)
High elderly dependency ration (lots of old people)
Future problems include not enough labor to fill jobs

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17
Q

What is the treaty of Tordesillas?

A

With Catholic Nations funding over unclaimed “New World” lands, Pope Alexander VI attempted to solve the issue using the Treaty of Tordesillas. Gave claim to about 90-95% of the new world to Spain

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18
Q

What is the Colombian exchange?

A

A period of widespread plants, animals, diseases, and ideas between the Eastern and Western hemispheres. Kind of went in a triangle

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19
Q

LEGACY OF COLONIALISM
What was the economic impact?

A

Many colonizing countries exploited the resources of the colonies for their own benefit, which led to wealth accumulation in those countries. The exploitation led to the imbalance of in global economic power

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20
Q

LEGACY OF COLONIALISM
What was the social impact?

A

Colonialism led to changes in the cultures, languages, and social structures.

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21
Q

LEGACY OF COLONIALISM
What was the political impact?

A

Many colonized regions experienced a disruption of their political systems and the change of foreign government structures. Also led to changes of artificial borders and divisions.

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22
Q

What is the commonwealth?

A

A type of political organization where a group of states or countries agree to work together for their mutual benefit.

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23
Q

What is gerrymandering?

A

when politicians manipulate the boundaries of voting districts to help their party win more elections.

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24
Q

What is the electoral college?

A

A system used in the US to elect the president. Each state takes a vote and is determined by the people

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25
Q

What is fillibuster?

A

A tactic used in legislative bodies where a Senate (or someone along those lines) talks for a really long time in hopes to delay or prevent a vote on a bill

26
Q

What is debt ceiling?
Why does the government shut it down?
What happens when it shuts down?

A

Debt ceiling - the maximum amount of dent a country can reach
- if there is a failure to raise the debt ceiling in time for a country, then it will lead to government shutdown.
- when it shuts down, non - essential government services are temporarily suspended. Like national parks

27
Q

Difference between Immigrant and Emigrant

A

Immigrants- move into a country
Emigrants- move out of a country

28
Q

What are push factors

A

Things that make people want to move away/out of a country

29
Q

What are pull factors

A

Things that make people want to move into/to a country

30
Q

Describe chain migration and provide an example of

A

When migrants follow other migrants to another place

31
Q

What is remittances?
What countries are recipients

A
32
Q

What is Temporary Protected Status? (TPS)

A

A program the US has for migrants to temporarily work in the US because their country isn’t safe to live in

33
Q

What are favelas? Why were they created? What are they like?

A

A crummy Brazilian town; a slum
They were created because there was no affordable housing for some people
They are dirty and beat up

34
Q

Why did Brazil move its capital?

A

They moved its capital to get out of the coastal regions and help with population distribution.

35
Q

Positive impacts of immigration

A
  • increases GDP and promotes entrepreneurship
  • drives down prices for consumer
  • brings cultural diversity
  • promotes lower levels of crime
36
Q

Negative impacts of immigration

A
37
Q

Current migration trends in the western hemisphere - Venezuelan refugee crisis - where are they going?

A

Central America and Mexico

38
Q

What are the challenges of Democracy?

A

Multiple challenges such as voting restrictions, election frauds, and loss of trust in the government.

39
Q

Definition of corruption?

A

The abuse of entrusted power for personal gain

40
Q

Cuba - type of government/economic system

A
41
Q

Haiti - history of instability/government/status today

A
42
Q

Nicaraguan - what is the goal of president Ortega’s recent laws?

A

The president and his wife are power hungry and will do ANYTHING to stay in power because power = wealth

43
Q

Brazil - what is Operation Car Wash?

A

A small car wash in Brazil that including money laundering turned into an anti-corruption probe

44
Q

Honduras - what is going on with the most recent president who just left office?

A
45
Q

Venezuela - type of government/economic system

A
46
Q

Peru - what are some political struggles

A
47
Q

Mexico - what are challenges for journalists

A
48
Q

Define globalization - Describe the PROS/CONS of globalization

A
49
Q

What 2 main factors led to increased globalization?

A
50
Q

Describe container shipping.

A
51
Q

What is free trade?

A

Policies or laws that reduce barriers to trade

52
Q

What are tariffs??

A

A tax placed on goods imported from another country

53
Q

What is outsourcing?

A

To hire someone outside of the country to do work that was once done in the country

54
Q

What is comparative advantage?

A

The ability of a country, region, or individual to produces something at a lower opportunity cost compared to others.

55
Q

What is the goal of trade agreements?

A

To have an agreement between different countries allowing them to trade with each other. If a country wants to trade with another but IS NOT in the agreement, then a tariff will be put in place.

56
Q

What are the Environmental Impacts of Globalization?

A

Can lead to an increase in pollution and habitat destruction

57
Q

What is the Amazon Rainforest important?

A

Often referred to as the lungs of the Earth because it produces a large amount of Earths oxygen. The Amazon also has very high amounts of biodiversity with lots of plants and animals.

58
Q

Describe SUSTAINABILITY?

A

Being able to keep things going like trade and things within the political, social, and economic categories.

59
Q

Conservation v. Preservation

A

Conservation - use some, save most
Preservation - don’t use at all, save all

60
Q

How does Debt-for Nature swap work\

A

When a country owes a debt to another country they pay their debt off by agreeing to invest in conservation projects within their own country. They don’t pay off the debt in cash

61
Q

What is Ecotourism?

A

Traveling and touring natural areas and promoting conservation efforts

World Geo (6 decks)

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