Unit 2 - Systems

Question 1

Cerebrum

Answer 1

part of brain that interprets sight, sound, and touch

Question 2

Cerebellum

Answer 2

part of brain that maintains balance, posture, coordination and fine motor skills

Question 3

Brainstem or Medulla oblongata

Answer 3

part of brain that regulates automatic body functions like heart rate, breathing, sleeping

Question 4

Hypothalamus

Answer 4

maintains homeostasis via coordination of nervous and endocrine system

Question 5

Endocrine system

Answer 5

network of glands and organs that uses hormones to control/coordinate your body’s metabolism, reproduction, growth and development, and mood.

Question 6

Pituitary gland (with example)

Answer 6

produces and secretes hormones regulating many body functions. eg. ADH (Antidiuretic hormone is a chemical produced in the brain that causes the kidneys to release less water, decreasing the amount of urine produced, high adh → less urine)

Question 7

cerebral hemisphere

Answer 7

integration centre for complex functions such as learning, memory, and emotions

Question 8

right hemisphere

Answer 8

receives stimuli from left side of the body

Question 9

left hemisphere + example

Answer 9

controls movement and muscle contraction on the right side of the body

Eg stroke. Victims lose sensation and/or the ability to move limbs on one side of the body as the stroke may cause any damage to a single hemisphere.

Question 10

cortical homunculus

Answer 10

a neurological map that gives sense of proportions of sensory and motor cortex devoted to different parts of the body

Question 11

circadian rythym

Answer 11

the 24 hour cycles where humans sleep and wake up

Question 12

Melatonin

Answer 12

secreted by pineal gland in the brain that is responsible for the sleep-wake cycle in humans. melatonin increases in the dark and decreases in light.

Question 13

fight or flight response

Answer 13

events that are stressful/frightening causes release of hormones to the body that help us make decisions such as escaping

eg. epinephrine is one of the hormones releases, aka adrenaline

Question 14

epinephrine

Answer 14

secreted by adrenal glands (on top of kidneys). it is responsible for strenuous physical activity, this is possible because it increases supply of oxygen nd glucose to muscles (->increased ATP)

Question 15

human growth hormone (HGH)

Answer 15

spurs growth in children and adolescents

Question 16

thyroid-stimulating hormones (TSH)

Answer 16

regulates metabolism in body and regulates amount of hormones from thyroid gland

Question 17

luteinizing/follicle stimulating hormone (L/FSH)

Answer 17

helps with follicular growth and ovulation

(the follicular phase starts on the first day of your period and lasts for 13 to 14 days, ending in ovulation.)

Question 18

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Answer 18

causes kidneys to release less water, decreasing amount of urine produced

Question 19

Heart rate