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biology 141 > unit 2: steps of glycolysis > Flashcards

unit 2: steps of glycolysis Flashcards

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1
Q

glycolysis step 1 inputs

A

glucose, ATP

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2
Q

glycolysis step 1 outputs

A

glucose 6-phosphate, ADP

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3
Q

glycolysis step 1 facilitative enzyme

A

kinase

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4
Q

glycolysis step 1 function

A

phosphorylation of glucose (phosphate comes from ATP molecule)

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5
Q

glycolysis step 2 inputs

A

glucose 6-phosphate

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6
Q

glycolysis step 2 outputs

A

fructose 6-phosphate

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7
Q

glycolysis step 2 facilitative enzyme

A

isomerase

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8
Q

glycolysis step 2 function

A

reconfiguring the carbon based molecule to make a new isomer

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9
Q

glycolysis step 3 inputs

A

fructose 6-phosphate, ATP

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10
Q

glycolysis step 3 outputs

A

fructose 1,6-bisphosphate, ADP

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11
Q

glycolysis step 3 facilitative enzyme

A

kinase

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12
Q

glycolysis step 3 function

A

phosphorylation of fructose 6-phosphate (phosphate from ATP molecule); creates a high energy molecule

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13
Q

glycolysis step 4 inputs

A

fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

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14
Q

glycolysis step 4 outputs

A

2 new molecules: glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

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15
Q

glycolysis step 4 facilitative enzyme

A

aldolase

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16
Q

glycolysis step 4 function

A

breaking of the high energy molecule (fructose 1,6-bisphosphate) into 2 new G3P molecules

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17
Q

glycolysis step 5 inputs

A

dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP)

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18
Q

glycolysis step 5 outputs

A

glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P)

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19
Q

glycolysis step 5 facilitative enzyme

A

isomerase

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20
Q

glycolysis step 5 function

A

converts DHAP into G3P, creating the 2nd G3P molecule

21
Q

steps 1-5 of glycolysis are considered the _____ phase

A

the energy investment phase

22
Q

how many ATP are used in steps 1-5 of glycolysis?

A

2

23
Q

glycolysis steps 6-10 are considered the _______ phase

A

the energy payoff phase

24
Q

how many ATP are made in steps 6-10 of glycolysis?

A

4 (net 2 after considering the energy investment phase)

25
Q

how many new ATP are created after glycolysis?

A

4 (net 2 after considering the energy investment phase)

26
Q

glycolysis step 6 inputs

A

glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate; NAD+ (2x per 1 glucose molecule)

27
Q

glycolysis step 6 outputs

A

1,3-bisphosphoglycerate; NADH (2x per 1 glucose molecule)

28
Q

glycolysis step 6 facilitative enzyme(s)

A

kinase and dehydrogenase

29
Q

glycolysis step 6 function

A

phosphorylation and dehydrogenation of G3P; NAD+ is reduced to NADH

30
Q

glycolysis step 7 inputs

A

1,3-bisphosphoglycerate; ADP (2x per 1 glucose molecule)

31
Q

glycolysis step 7 outputs

A

3-phosphoglycerate, ATP (2x per 1 glucose molecule)

32
Q

glycolysis step 7 facilitative enzyme

A

kinase

33
Q

glycolysis step 7 function

A

phosphorylation of ADP (phosphate comes from 1,3-BPG); this creates 2 ATP per 1 glucose molecule to offset the ATP used in steps 1-5

34
Q

glycolysis step 8 inputs

A

3-phosphoglycerate (2x per 1 glucose molecule)

35
Q

glycolysis step 8 outputs

A

2-phosphoglycerate (2x per 1 glucose molecule)

36
Q

glycolysis step 8 facilitative enzyme

A

isomerase

37
Q

glycolysis step 8 function

A

move phosphate to a more reactive position on the molecule (creating another isomer)

38
Q

glycolysis step 9 inputs

A

2-phosphoglycerate (2x per 1 glucose molecule)

39
Q

glycolysis step 9 outputs

A

phosphoenol-pyruvate (PEP; H2O (2x per 1 glucose molecule)

40
Q

glycolysis step 9 facilitative enzyme

A

enolase

41
Q

glycolysis step 9 function

A

removed H2O from each 2-phosphoglycerate molecule to create even less stable PEP molecules

42
Q

glycolysis step 10 inputs

A

phosphoenol-pyruvate (2x per 1 glucose molecule)

43
Q

glycolysis step 10 outputs

A

pyruvate; ATP (2x per 1 glucose molecule)

44
Q

glycolysis step 10 facilitative enzyme

A

kinase

45
Q

glycolysis step 10 function

A

phosphorylation of ATP molecules; form the final 2 pyruvate molecules from every 1 starting glucose molecule

46
Q

glycolysis overall reactants and products

A

C6H12O6 (glucose) + 2 ATP + 2 NAD+ -> 2 pyruvate + 4 ATP + 2 NADH

47
Q

glycolysis overall rxt to prod: steps 1-5

A

1 glucose molecule (6C) + 2 ATP -> 2 G3P molecules (2x 3C) + 2 ADP

48
Q

glycolysis overall rxt to prod: steps 6-10

A

2 G3P molecules + 2 NAD+ + 4 ADP -> 2 pyruvate molecules + 2 NADH + 4 ATP + 2 H2O

biology 141 (4 decks)

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