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Allied Health > Unit 2-Safety > Flashcards

Unit 2-Safety Flashcards

1
Q

5 types of microorganisms

A
  • Bacteria
  • Viruses
  • Fungi
  • Protozoa
  • Rickettsiae
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2
Q

Pathogens vs Normal flora

A
  • Pathogens: causes diseases

- Normal Body Flora: doesn’t cause disease

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3
Q

What are healthcare acquired infections? how do patients get them? how can they be prevented?

A
  • infection acquired in healthcare facility
  • acquired= incorrect sanitation and disinfection
  • prevention = hand washing
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4
Q

What is an opportunist infection

A

occurs when body defenses are weak

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5
Q

what do microorganisms need to grow

A
  • moisture
  • warmth
  • Darkness
  • Food source
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6
Q

Antiseptic

A

solutions that are applied directly to skin (only kill bacteria)
-alcohol, betodine

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7
Q

Disinfectant

A

uses strong chemicals, usually on objects not skin

-bleach

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8
Q

Sterilization

A

process that eliminates/kills all form of microorganisms

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9
Q

Autoclave

A

uses steam under pressure

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10
Q

Aseptic Technique

A

practices that are used to keep area free of germs and contamination

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11
Q

Medical Asepsis

A

Clean technique

- reduces microorganisms

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12
Q

Surgical Asepsis

A

Sterile Technique

- free of microorganisms 
- for invasive procedures 
- sterile can only touch sterile
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13
Q

What is the chain of infection

A
  • way of gathering the info needed to interrupt/prevent an epidemic
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14
Q

infectious agent

A

organism that causes disease

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15
Q

Source

A

place where infectious agent lives and grows

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16
Q

Portal of Exit

A

body opening that allows infectious agent to leave the source

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17
Q

Route of Transmission

A

how infectious agent travels from infected person to another person

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18
Q

Susceptible Host

A

non-infected person who could get infected

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19
Q

Portal of Entry

A

any body opening that allows infectious agent to enter

20
Q

what are some practices that can break specifics links in chain of infection

A
  • hand washing
  • disinfection
  • environmental sanitation
  • treatment
21
Q

OSHA

A

Occupational Safety and Health Administration

• federal agency responsible for workplace safety

22
Q

CDC

A 
Center for Disease Control and Prevention 
• public health agency 
• conducts research to promote health 
• responds to health problems 
•promote/create safe work places
23
Q

what are standard precautions? when are they used ?

A
  • practices that prevent transmissions of infectious agents in healthcare setting
  • required for ALL healthcare providers
  • assume everyone is infected
24
Q

Examples of standard precautions

A
  • hand washing
  • environmental control
  • PPE
  • needles and other sharp objects
25
Q

what are they types of transmission based precautions

A

Contact
Airborne
Droplet

26
Q

what are transmission based precautions

A

aimed at preventing spread of highly infectious agents

27
Q

what is PPE

A

personal protective equipment

28
Q

Donning

A

putting on PPE

28
Q

Doffing

A
  • taking off PPE
29
Q

causes of back injuries

A
  • stress
  • overweight
  • poor posture
  • forward bending
30
Q

prevention of back injury

A
  • no twisting
  • bend knees
  • push not pull
  • use legs
31
Q

3 people most susceptible to infection

A
  1. SCID
  2. very young
  3. older adults
32
Q

infectious pathogen

A

they can live in a host and cause disease

33
Q

virulent pathogen

A
  • provides quantitative likelihood of disease
34
Q

contagious pathogen

A

spreads disease easily from one person to another

35
Q

what is a drug resistant bacteria? why does it occur?

A
  • strains of bacteria that have adapted and no longer killed by normal antibiotics treatment

occur? =

  • antibiotics used inappropriately
  • not all meds taken
  • prescribed wrong treatment
36
Q

what methods have healthcare facilities implemented in order to decrease number of sharp injuries?

A
  • use of safer hinged needles and winged steel needles

Needle-stick Safety and Prevention Act

37
Q

what special precautions should be taken for patients with respiratory illness when coming in contact with others ?

A
  • patient wear a mask in common areas

- provide them with a private waiting room and cafe

38
Q

how do resistant bacteria in food animals end up in our food?

A
  • carry diseases in their intestines
39
Q

Body mechanics

A
  • use of body to produce motion that’s safe, energy conserving and anatomically/physiologically efficient
40
Q

Body alignment

A
  • correct relationship/position of head, back and limbs
41
Q

Contact

A
  • transmitted from person to person

PRECAUTIONS = gloves, gown,

42
Q

Droplet

A
  • transmitted by respiratory secretions from one person to another
  • spreads by coughs/sneezes

PRECAUTIONS = mask

43
Q

Airborne

A
  • spread by tiny airborne droplets
    - droplets remain in air for long time
  • air currents carry this pathogen

PRECAUTIONS = efficiency particulate air N-95 respirator
- negative pressure, door shut

44
Q

Indirect

A

infection transmitted from articles of surfaces in clients environment

45
Q

direct

A

infection transmitted from skin to skin

Allied Health (4 decks)

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