Unit 2: Rise of the West

Question 1

renaissance

Answer 1

period of culture and learning in europe

Question 2

Florence Italy

Answer 2

Start place of Renaissance center of trade and quickest recovery of black death

Question 3

Machiavelli

Answer 3

“It’s better to be feared than loved”

Question 4

Individualism

Answer 4

Individually striving for more fame and glory

Question 5

Humanism

Answer 5

Learning of Rome (art, literature, language, history)

Question 6

Secularism

Answer 6

Shift of focus from religion to focus on material world

Question 7

Da Vinci

Answer 7

portrayed mind and body in art

Question 8

Michelangelo

Answer 8

classical paintings and sculptures (david)

Question 9

Raphael

Answer 9

focus on humanism (school of Athens)

Question 10

donatello

Answer 10

1st bronze statue

Question 11

reformation

Answer 11

time when people started to question the church

Question 12

luther

Answer 12

wrote 95 theses to complain about the church

Question 13

95 theses

Answer 13

speaks on indulgences and learning/ translating the bible

Question 14

indulgences

Answer 14

way to pay off sins

Question 15

printing press

Answer 15

printed bible in other languages so people can form their own opinions

Question 16

john calvin

Answer 16

wrote about separation of church and state

Question 17

Henry Vlll

Answer 17

took over the church, act of supremacy

Question 18

Act of Supremacy

Answer 18

let him take over the church with out worrying about divine right

Question 19

counter reformation

Answer 19

catholic church tries to reform itself

Question 20

diet of worms

Answer 20

asked luther to take back writings

Question 21

council of trent

Answer 21

examined church doctrines

Question 22

peace of ausburg

Answer 22

prince pick Lutheran or catholic

Question 23

edict of nantes

Answer 23

said people can pick calvinist or catholic

Question 24

absolutism

Answer 24

attempt to control ALL 1650-1789

Question 25

divine right

Answer 25

said god appointed monarchs to rule

Question 26

Louis XlV

Answer 26

“I am state” huge absolute monarch - made it what it is td

Question 27

Verailles

Answer 27

huge castile for Louis XlV and his workers to live.

Question 28

Constitutalism

Answer 28

rulers have to follow “laws” to rule

Question 29

elizabeth l

Answer 29

popular, defeated spanish armada, grants more religious freedom

Question 30

charles l

Answer 30

bands on parliament, bad leader, gets killed by own people

Question 31

english civil war

Answer 31

parliament (round heads) vs monarchy supporters

Question 32

cromwell

Answer 32

led parliament to victory in english civil war and killed Charles l

Question 33

Interregnum

Answer 33

time with out monarchy

Question 34

Glorious Revolution

Answer 34

to get Cromwell out of power. largely no bloodshed

Question 35

bill of rights

Answer 35

gives people rights

Question 36

scientific revolution

Answer 36

development of math, physics, astronomy, and science in Europe

Question 37

Copernicus

Answer 37

said earth revolves around the sun

Question 38

Kepler

Answer 38

discovers 3 laws of planetary motion

Question 39

Galileo

Answer 39

confirmed Copernicus findings, works on inertia and gravity

Question 40

Harvey

Answer 40

discovers heart is central pumping station of body

Question 41

Newton

Answer 41

laws of motion and gravity and thoughts in math

Question 42

enlightenment

Answer 42

challenges laws that govern humans

Question 43

salons

Answer 43

exchange of ideas, arts, science, gov, and religion

Question 44

Geoffrin

Answer 44

held solons

Question 45

Hobbes

Answer 45

stand out, believed in absolute monarchy

Question 46

Locke

Answer 46

natural rights, people form gov, people should overthrow gov if not providing natural rights to people

Question 47

philosphes

Answer 47

enlightenment thinkers

Question 48

rousseau

Answer 48

believed people are corrupted by society

Question 49

voltaire

Answer 49

believed in freedom of press speech (bill of rights) made fun of enlightenment era wrote Candide

Question 50

Montesquieu

Answer 50

government into 3 branches checks and balances

Question 51

Wollstonecraft

Answer 51

equal rights for women through education

Question 52

olympe

Answer 52

women’s rights and no slavery wrote books on it

Question 53

Adam Smith

Answer 53

wealth of nations free trade and markets

Question 54

Lassiez Faire

Answer 54

idea that there should be little government involvement and economy should be over the government. idea created by Adam Smith

Question 55

Fredrick the Great

Answer 55

Pushed out Jews and created huge military also introduced freedom of press, and made way for less punishment

Question 56

Catherine the Great

Answer 56

Expanded Surfdom also had religious tolerance and less torture

Question 57

Joesph ll

Answer 57

unpaid labor, tried to pass 11,000 laws, also religious equality, freedom of press and abolished surfdom

Question 58

Despots

Answer 58

Absolute Monarchys with enlightenment ideas