Unit 2- Revolutions Flashcards
Explain two Enlightenment principles which can be found in the Declaration of Independence.
- Locke’s natural rights (life, liberty, and property/pursuit of happiness)
- Rousseau thought there should be a contract between soceity and their leader (Declaration of Independence acts as that)
Compare and contrast the US Bill of Rights to the French Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen.
Bill of Rights- more for protection from unjust laws; includes judicial aspectsas well as rights
French Declaration of theRights of Man- advocated equality (all men born equal in rights, before the law, and to hold public office)
Discuss the connection between the Enlightnenment concept of a social contract and the causes of the American Revolution.
- Rousseau believed that the government should have a social contract with the citizens that made the limitations on individual citizens minimal
- Colonists declared independence from Britain and started a revolution because Britain put many limitations on them
Describe the social and economic inequalities that existed in France before the French Revolution.
- France divided into the clergy, nobles, and Third Estate and the clergy had all the wealth
- The Third Estate is the vast majority but has little representation
Compare and contrast the goals of the National Assembly and the Jacobins in revolutionary France.
- National Assembly wanted to abolish the government by making a constitution and isolating rights
- Jacobins were very radical and caused the Reign of Terror by punishing their opposers
Discuss the causes and effects of France’s Reign of Terror under Robespierre.
- Cause: Radicals (Jacobins) take power, execute the king, and lead formidably
- Effect: Created the Constitution of 1795 and set up 5-man directory and 2-house legislature elected by male citizens with property in reaction to the Reign of Terror (third constitution since 1789)
Discuss Napoleon’s rise and fall to power in France during the Revolution.
- Rise: Napoleon defended Toulon from British forces which primarily made him popular. He took power by force, but majority of France supported him
- Fall: After many of his troops were killed in Russia, Napoleon stepped down.
Explain Simon Bolivar’s influences and goals in his quest for revolution in Latin America. Site two specific examples.
- Influence: French and American Revolutions; natural rights (liberty, equality and fraternity)
- Goals: Win own independence; begins fighting when he leads forces into Venezuela in 1810 but lost; won by taking over present-day Columbian capital
