Unit 2 - Reproduction Flashcards
What is the difference between asexual and sexual reproduction?
Asexual reproduction only requires one parent whereas sexual reproduction requires two.
What does reproduction aim to do?
To produce a new living organism which will become independent of the parent(s).
Describe a female gamete.
Called an egg or an ovum.
Larger than sperm.
Cannot move on it’s own.
Produced in small numbers.
Describe a male gamete.
Called a sperm.
Smaller than an egg.
Can move on its own.
Produced in large numbers.
Why are testis external?
Because they need to be kept at a slightly lower temperature.
What is fertilisation and what does it form?
Fertilisation is when the nucleus from the male gamete fuses with the nucleus from the female gamete. This forms a zygote.
In humans, the nucleus of each cell contains 46 chromosomes (2 sets of 23). What are these cells described as being?
Diploid.
Sperm and egg cells contain 23 chromosomes. (1 set). What are these cells said to be?
Haploid.
What is the equation for fertilisation?
Egg + Sperm —> Zygote
Through fertilisation
In flowering plants, male and female reproductive structures can be found in the same individual plant. The organ of a sexual reproduction is the flower. True or False?
True.
What is the function of sepals in a flower?
To protect the unopened flower bud.
What are the functions of petals in a flower?
Brightly coloured to attract insects.
What is the function of the stamens in a flower?
The male parts of the flower consisting of the anther held up on the filament.
What is the function of the anthers in a flower?
They produce male gametes (in pollen grains)
What is the function of the stigma in a flower?
The top of the female part of the flower which collects pollen grains.
What is the function of the ovary in a flower?
The bottom of the female part of the flower - produces the female gametes (ovules)
What is the function of the nectary in a flower?
May be present to produce sugary nectar to attract insects.
How are sperm cells released during sexual intercourse?
During sexual intercourse sperm cells travel through the sperm duct, into the urethra and are released out of the end of the penis.
Where are female gametes released from?
Eggs are released from the ovaries into the oviducts.
What happens when an egg is fertilised?
If an egg is fertilised by a sperm in the oviduct then it divides a number of times then implants into the wall of the uterus where it grows and develops into a new individual
