Unit 2: Plants/Fungi (ch 22, 23) Flashcards
What are three examples of bryophytes?
Liverworts, mosses, and hornworts
What are three examples of seedless vascular plants?
Club/spike mosses, whisk ferns, and horsetails.
What are three examples of gymnosperms?
Gnetophytes, ginkgos, and conifers
What are the two major groups of angiosperms?
Monocots and eudicots
What generation is dominant for bryophytes?
The gametophyte is longer-lived and larger.
What is the function of the cuticle and stomata?
The cuticle helps reduce evaporative water loss, and the Stomata are closeable pores that allow gases (CO2 and oxygen) in and out or close off to conserve water.
What are two types of plant vascular tissue?
Xylem and Phloem
What do microspores and megaspores produce?
Microspores produce sperm-making gametophytes (pollen grains), and megaspores develop egg-producing gametophytes.
Where does reproduction occur in a plant?
A flower is specialized for reproduction, the male half consisting of the stamen (which contains filament and anther) and the female portion (containing the stigma, style, and ovary).
What are the male and female structures for a plant?
The male structures are in the stamen, and the female structures are in the carpel.
What two parts make up the stamen? What three parts make up the carpel?
The filament and the anther are the two parts that make up the stamen, and the three parts that make up the Carpel are the stigma, style, and ovary.
What is the chromosome number for the endosperm?
The endo sperm is a Triploid (3n)
How do fungi obtain nutrition?
They are heterotrophs that obtain nutrition from their environment via extracellular digestion.
What are the individual filaments of fungi? What is the mesh of branching filaments for fungi?
The individual filaments of fungi are called hypha, and the mesh of branching filaments is called mycelium.
Is the dikaryotic stage for fungi sexual or asexual?
The Dikaryotic stage for fungi is sexual.
What are the five major groups of fungi?
The five major groups of fungi are Chytrids, Zygote fungi, Glomeromycetes, sac fungi, and club fungi.
Which fungi group have flagella?
The Chytrids are the only modern fungi to have flagellated spores.
What is mycosis?
A disease caused by a fungus.
What type of sexual spores are produced by zygote fungi?
Zygote fungi produce diploid spores known as zygospores.
What are two examples of zygote fungi?
Two examples of zygote fungi are Rhizopus species (like black bread mold) and Pilobolus.
What is mycorrhizae?
A mutually beneficial partnership between a fungus and a plant root.
Which group of fungi is the most diverse?
Ascomycota (commonly known as Sac fungi) are the most diverse group of fungi.
What type of spores are produced by sac fungi?
Ascospores are the type of spores that sac fungi produce.
What are two examples of sac fungi?
Two examples of sac fungi are cup fungi and Conidia.
What type of spores are produced by club fungi?
The spores produced by club fungi are basidiospores.
What are the two components of a lichen?
Two components of a lichen are a fungus and an alga or some photosynthetic partner.
What are two examples of plant pathogens?
Two examples of fungal plant pathogens are wheat stem rust and powdery mildew.
What are two examples of human pathogens?
Two examples of fungal human pathogens are ringworm and vaginal yeast (candida).
