Unit 2 Planning for Management of Clinical Laboratories Flashcards
It is the process of assessing an organization’s goals and creating a realistic detailed plan of action for meeting those goals.
Clinical Laboratory Management Planning
True or False: Clear goals and objectives can help in the formulation of mission and vision.
TRUE
What are the guiding principles in the laboratory?
Goals/Objectives
True or False: The basic steps in the management planningprocess involve creating a roadmap that outlines each task thecompany must accomplish to meet its overall objectives.
TRUE
Strategic Planning is a _____-term goal, while Tactical Planningis a _______-term goal.
long; short
This outlines each task the company must accomplish to meet its overall objectives.
Roadmap
This is the form of planning attended by the top management andmay be held outside the institution (out of town or country). Long-term goals for the next 5 years. Most efficient pursuit
- Strategic
- Tactical
- Operational
Strategic Planning
What are the three major processes workflow?
Pre-analytical, Analytical, Post Analytical
Patient prep, Sample collection, Personnel competency test evaluation, Sample receipt and accessioning, Sample transport areall under what process in the workflow?
Pre-analytical Phase
Quality control testing (Before the actual specimen testing, thereis the normal control, abnormal control, standardization, and calibration of equipment) is done in what process of the workflow?
Analytical Phase
Record keeping, Reporting, Signature, and Logbook are all underwhat process of the workflow?
Post Analytical Phase
True or False: Stamped signature is accepted.
FALSE
True or False: E-Signature is accepted depending on the policy ofthe laboratory.
TRUE
True or False: Planning is in close coordination with the top management because we need to verbalize our protocols to themsince they are the ones providing budget and signing requests.
TRUE
This requires the organization to plan, identify, and monitor.
ISO 9005:2015
Which of the following is NOT considered in planning? Choose thebest answer.
a.) The internal and external issues affecting clinical laboratories
b.) The interested parties that are relevant to the organization’spurpose and its strategic direction
c.) External issues that couldimpact their business strategy, such as new technology and potential market forces (e.g., social and economic environments,international competitiond.
d.)The expertise and skill level of the workers
d.) The expertise and skill level of the workers
True or False: Feedback is integral for planning
TRUE
True or False: The managers must not innovate to lower the risk.
FALSE
This refers to the interaction outside the laboratory (discuss labprotocols so that the workplace becomes smooth).
Interdepartmental
Radiology, Nursing, and Pharmacy are under:
a. Interdepartmental
b. Intradepartmental
a. Interdepartmental
This refers to the departments within the laboratory.
Intralaboratory
True or False: Planning gains economical operation and reducesoperational costs and increases revenue in the clinical laboratory
TRUE
Planning in the clinical laboratory considers the entire set ofoperations that occur in testing of patient samples and is called________________________
Path of Workflow
The path of workflow begins with the _______________ and endsin ____________________.
patient; results & interpretation
Planning for the development of quality practices in a clinical laboratory in twelve areas as recommended by the____________________________.
WHO Quality Management Handbook
it defines the organization’s goals and establishes an overall strategy
Planning
Importance of Planning
Planning focuses attention on objectivesPlanning reduces risk of uncertaintyPlanning helps on coordinationPlanning gains economic oprationPlanning facilitates controllingPlanning helps on executive development
Setting objectives and stating the ways to achieve them
Planning focuses attention on objectives
Prepared to face with unpleasant surprises
Planning reduces risks of uncertainty
Avoids intradepartmental conflicts
Planning helps in coordination
To gain objectives with minimize cost
Efficient operation
Allocates responsibilities and establish standards for comparison
Planning facilitates control
Determine expected expenses for a fiscal year
Budgeting
Prone to high competition
Hazards
Efficient and effective
Proficient
Planning the structure and management of the laboratory thatimplements the quality policies ensures quality performance
Organization
Diligently planning the most important laboratory resource, ensures competent and motivated teams in implementing qualitymanagement systems
Personnel
What is the most important laboratory resource?
Personnel
Planning the acquisition and validation of equipment by carefullyand properly choosing and ensuring maintained systems through preventive maintenance programs helps an effective path of workflow
Equipment
Maintaining equipment must be done through what program?
Preventive Maintenance Program
Planning reagents and supplies management in the laboratorycan produce cost savings ensures supplies and reagent availability
Purchasing and Inventory
Planning the process control ensures quality control for testing,appropriate management of the sample, collection and handling,and method verification and validation.
Process Control
Planning the production of the main output of the clinical laboratory (information in the form or test reports) ensures accuracy,confidentiality, and accessibility of the information which are managed through either paper systems or computers
Information Management
Planning the creation and storage of documents needed in thelaboratory that informs how to do things ensures that documentsare accurate, up to date, and accessible.
Documents and Records
It is an error of an event that should not have happened.
Occurrence
Planning for detecting and managing detect these problems oroccurrences, handling them properly, learning from mistakes and acting so that they do not happen again.
Occurrence Management
A tool for examining laboratory performance and comparing it tostandards, benchmarks or the performance of other laboratories.
Assessment
True or False: Planning assessment is done internally.
False (internally and externally)
Planning for continuous improvement of the clinical laboratoryprocesses is a primary goal and must be done in a systematicmanner to ensure alignment, effectiveness and efficiency
Process Improvement
Ensures that the laboratory understands and assess who theircustomers are and use feedback for making improvements toalign with external changes. Positive and negative feedback arerelevant.
Customer Services
Planning for management of facilities and safety include what? (4)
SecurityContainmentSafetyErgonomics
The process of preventing unwanted risks and hazards from entering the laboratory space.
Security
This seeks to minimize risks and prevent hazards from leaving thelaboratory space and causing harm to the community.
Containment
This includes policies and procedures to prevent harm to workers, visitors and the community.
Safety
This addresses facility and equipment adaptation to allow safeand healthy working conditions at the laboratory site. Comfortablein handling equipments in different processes.
Ergonomics
First outlined by Peter Drucker in 1954, a process in which the managers and employees jointly set goals for the employees to make action plan
Management by Objectives
Management by Objective (MBO) encourages… (3)
Discussion, Interaction, Commitment
Arrange the following into a hierarchy (from highest to lowest).ProgrammesPoliciesObjectivesMissionBudgetsStrategiesRules and Procedures
MissionObjectivesStrategiesPoliciesRules and ProceduresProgrammesBudget
Provides a framework in consistent and level by level planning
Hierarchy of Plans
Organization’s purpose and philosophy
Mission
Looking forward to the future
Envisioning
The ultimate goal towards which the activities of the organization are directed
Objectives
This must coincide with the mission and vision.
Objectives
Who will check the alignment of the objectives to the mission andvision?
Quality Manager
General program of action and deployment of resources
Strategies
Who implements strategies?
Middle managers, Staff
General statement or understanding which guide or channel thinking in decision making
Policies
States a series of related steps or tasks to be performed in asequential way
Procedures
Prescribes a course of action and explicitly states what is to bedone; more specific
Rules
Statement of expected results expressed in numerical terms
Budget
Comprehensive plan that includes future use of different resources
Program
The identification of the mission and of those objectives; Mostefficient pursuit; Long-term goals for the next 5, 10, 15, 10 years;Top managers with final authority and responsibility
Strategic Planning
Action and deals with the method; Short-range - strategy implementation (6 months - 2 years); Operational or technical skill;Middle managers (supervisory staff), Section Heads & ChiefMedtechs
Tactical Planning
Detailed plan used to provide; Team, section or department; Very short-term (for the next 1 week to 1 year); Responsibility offirst-line managers
Operational Plans
True or False: In the laboratory design, patients and patient samples must have common pathways.
FALSE
True or False: Reception area for incoming patients should belocated as close as possible to the entry door
TRUE
Access restriction may be done using ________ on door locksand ______________ for staff.
signs; identification badges
Sample collection areas must be located near________________.
Reception Area
True or False: There must be a separate sample areas for male and female
TRUE
Reception area and sample collection room located at the patient’s entrance
Sample collection areas
Separated from other sections of the lab but nearby testing areas
Sample processing areas
True or False: The sample processing area must be separatedfrom other areas in the laboratory and must be near testing areas.
TRUE
The area where samples are centrifuged, labeled, and coded.
Sample processing areas
Bacteriology must be far from what laboratory section?
Histopathology
Bacteriology must be near what section?
Clinical Miscroscopy
True or False: Histopathology section must be well-ventilated because the section contains many toxic reagents that may possiblyproduce dangerous fumes.
TRUE
True or False: Blood Bank must be placed far from the donatingarea to protect donors from hazards.
FALSE
The communication system or LIS is part of what pathway?
Post-examination Pathway
Efficient and reliable communication system and transferring of messages
Post-examination pathways
Transferring of messages, Rechecking and Organizing of the results, and Release of results are under what pathway?
Post-examination Pathway
What sections must be removed from the central area?
Short turn around time, More specialized safety protocols, Less volume
How many rooms do molecular biology need?
2
True or False: The blood bank and the critical care laboratory procedures should be readily accessible to the emergency room, operating room, and ICU.
TRUE
What pertains to the importance of planning in the clinical laboratory? A. Planning focuses attention on the results of the clinical laboratory B. Planning reduces risks of uncertainties of managing clinical labs C. Planning helps in separating interdepartmental goals and objectives in the clinical labs D. All of the above. E. None of the above.
B. Planning reduces risks of uncertainties of man aging clinical labs
Clean and dirty laboratory materials should never __________, and contaminated materials should be ___________
Cross; Isolated
True or False: If the laboratory is serving an in-patient population, accessibility to corridors and elevators providing access to the main patient care unit is essential.
TRUE
True or False: The intra-laboratory traffic flow must be combined with the outside.
FALSE
True or False: Provisions should be made for ambulatory patients and blood bank donors coming into the laboratory
TRUE
Where should highly automated and manual processes be located?
Centralized in automated processing area
Where should greater turn around time (TAT), less volumes, and special safety features be located?
Removed from the central area
Requires dark room and proper ventilation
Fluorescence Microscopy
Needs a dark room, separation due to ultraviolet illumination, and radiation
Ultraviolet illumination systems for DNA gel photography
Must be readily accesible to emergency room, operating room, and ICU
Blood bank and critical laboratory procedures
Must have accessibility to corridors and elevators
In-patient population
