Unit 2 Medieval And Renaissance

Question 1

When was the fall of the Roman Empire and what did it make occur?

Answer 1

Prior to 500 AD and the Dark Ages

Question 2

What was the social structure of the The Dark Ages called and what were the lower classes called?

Answer 2

feudalism and serfs

Question 3

What were people sustained in?

Answer 3

Their belief in God and the Roman Catholic Church

Question 4

What was the primary music of the early church and who was a leader in its organization?

Answer 4

The chant and pope Gregory I

Question 5

What are the characteristics of chants?

Answer 5

Monophonic, a capella, Latin text, unmetered, reverent quality, sung by monks and priests

Question 6

Who was an important woman of the Middle Ages and what was her famous piece?

Answer 6

Hildegard of Bingen and ordo virtutum (play of virtues)

Question 7

What was the central worship service of the Roman Catholic Church?

Answer 7

Mass

Question 8

What were the main parts of the Mass Ordinary?

Answer 8

Kyrie, Gloria, Credo, Sanctus, Agnes Dei

Question 9

What was the new line added to the chant called

Answer 9

Organum

Question 10

Organum was a new and independent melody which was early what music?

Answer 10

Polyphonic

Question 11

Who were two of the first composers of polyphonic music and what was their approach to composition called?

Answer 11

Leonin and Perotin; Ars Antiqua

Question 12

What was the new Renaissance style of music called after Leonin and Perotin?

Answer 12

Ars Nova

Question 13

What were the traveling entertainers called?

Answer 13

Minstrels

Question 14

What were the people that composed the music for minstrels called?

Answer 14

Troubadours or trouveres

Question 15

What were the German counterparts of troubadours called?

Answer 15

Minnisingers

Question 16

Who was a notable woman composer who was a troubadour?

Answer 16

Countess of Dia

Question 17

What was a bowed string instrument?

Answer 17

Vielle

Question 18

What was a plucked string instrument?

Answer 18

Psaltery and harp

Question 19

What were a wooden flute and a primitive oboe called?

Answer 19

Recorder and shawm

Question 20

What were the percussion instruments of this time called?

Answer 20

Tabors and Tambourines

Question 21

What was instrumental music mostly composed for?

Answer 21

Dancing

Question 22

When did the Renaissance era last?

Answer 22

1450-1600

Question 23

What does Renaissance mean?

Answer 23

“rebirth” but specifically mean a rekindling interest in the philosophy and art of the ancient Greek and Roman societies

Question 24

During the Renaissance there was a great movement towards ____________

Answer 24

Humanism

Question 25

Who was the Protestant Reformation led by?

Answer 25

Martin Luther

Question 26

What did Martin Luther believe about organum?

Answer 26

It was too difficult to be understood and that worshippers should sing too

Question 27

What did Martin Luther introduce in place of organum?

Answer 27

The chorale which was sung in the vernacular which was German

Question 28

Who invented movable type?

Answer 28

Johannes Gutenberg

Question 29

Who led the Church’s response to Martin Luther’s complaints and what was this event called?

Answer 29

The Council of Trent; the Counter Reformation

Question 30

Who developed a style of music which maintained a polyphonic style while still allowing the words to be easily heard?

Answer 30

Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina

Question 31

Who was called the “Savior of Church Music?”

Answer 31

Palestrina

Question 32

What was a new compositional technique in Renaissance church music that was much like a round?

Answer 32

Imitative polyphony

Question 33

What was each series of imitation in imitative polyphony?

Answer 33

Point of imitation

Question 34

What was the most significant instrument of the Renaissance?

Answer 34

Lute

Question 35

What were a group of like instruments called?

Answer 35

Consorts

Question 36

What was an important secular type of music called? and what were the 5 characteristics of it?

Answer 36

Madrigals: madrigalisms, sung in vernacular, not for public performance, contained nonsense syllables, about love lost love and courtly topics

Question 37

Whos was an influential composer of the late Renaissance who was employed as an organist and what church was he employed at?

Answer 37

Giovanni Gabrielli: St. Mark’s Cathedral

Question 38

What was the style of music called where the singers were placed in the various wings of the church?

Answer 38

Polychoral style

Question 39

What was Gabrielli’s Sonata pian’e Forte considered?

Answer 39

The first composition to include dynamic levels