Unit 2 list 1- Chemistry Flashcards
Atoms
The smallest part of a substance that cannot be broken down chemically.
Molecules
The smallest particle of a substance that has all of the physical and chemical properties of that substance.
Substances
Any material that possesses physical properties.
Homogeneous Mixtures
contains two or more substances that are evenly distributed with each other
Heterogeneous Mixtures
a mixture in which the composition is not uniform throughout the mixture
Chemical Properties
the characteristic ability of a substance to react to form new substances
Physical Properties
a characteristic of a substance that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance
Isotopes
Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons
Elements
A basic part of a whole
Compounds
a substance made from two or more different elements that have been chemically joined
Reactants
a substance that changes in a chemical reaction.
products
the item offered for sale
Hydrogen Bonds
a special type of dipole-dipole attraction between molecules, not a covalent bond to a hydrogen atom
Covalent Bonds
A chemical bond formed when electrons are shared between two atoms
Ionic Bonds
the complete transfer of valence electron(s) between atoms
Anion
ions that are negatively charged
Cation
a positively charged ion that is formed when a metallic element loses one or more electrons
Periodic Table-Groups
a column in the periodic table of the chemical elements
Periodic Table Rows
Elements in the same row are in the same period
Valence Electrons
electrons in the outermost shell of an atom
pH scale
A measure of how acidic or basic a substance or solution is
Acids
any hydrogen-containing substance that is capable of donating a proton (hydrogen ion) to another substance
Bases
the bottom support of anything; that on which a thing stands or rests
