Unit 2 list 1 - Chemistry Flashcards
Atoms
Smallest unit of matter
Molecules
A group of Atoms bonded together
Substances
a particular matter
Homogeneous Mixtures
Contains two or more substances that are evenly distributed with each other
Heterogeneous Mixtures
Singular mixture and doesn’t blend easily
Chemical Properties
Type of substance that is observed when a substance goes under a chemical change
Physical Properties
A characteristic of a substance
Isotopes
Atoms with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons
Elements
a pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by ordinary chemical means
Compounds
chemical substance composed of many identical molecules containing atoms from more than one chemical element held together by chemical bonds
Reactants
a substance that takes part in and undergoes change during a reaction.
Products
a thing or person that is the result of an action or process
Hydrogen Bonds
form when hydrogen atoms contently bonded to nitrogen (N), oxygen (O), or fluorine (F)
Covalent Bonds
a chemical bond that involves the sharing of electrons to form electron pairs between atoms
Ionic Bonds
result from the attraction between oppositely charged ions
Cation
a positively charged ion, i.e. one that would be attracted to the cathode in electrolysis
Anion
a negatively charged ion, i.e. one that would be attracted to the anode in electrolysis
Periodic Table-Groups
refer to the vertical columns of elements
Periodic Table Rows
rows on the periodic table are called periods.
Valence Electrons
the electrons in the outermost shell, or energy level, of an atom
pH scale
measures how acidic or alkaline a substance is.
Acids
A chemical that gives off hydrogen ions in water and forms salts by combining with certain metals
Bases
bases are substances that react with acids
