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6 - World and its People > Unit 2 - Latin America > Flashcards

Unit 2 - Latin America Flashcards

1
Q

What is a big benefit the US provides to a lot of these countries?

A

Tourism

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2
Q

From the late 1800s to the early 1990s, the US supported ________________________________________________ in Latin America.

A

the overthrow of governments

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3
Q

They supported the overthrow of governments for _______________

A

influence and control.

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4
Q

What does the term “spatial inequality” mean?

A

The unequal spread of wealth and resources in an area.

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5
Q

What does the term “standard of living” mean?

A

The overall level of comfort and well-being of a group or country

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6
Q

Mexico City is one of the ____________________

A

largest cities in the world.

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7
Q

Its estimated population in 2016 was approximately _______________

A

8,918,653 (About 9 million)

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8
Q

It has a _____ climate and ______ soil

A

mild; rich

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9
Q

It has been an ____________________ since ancient times.

A

important settlements

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10
Q

The wealthiest _______ in Mexico City earn ______ of the nation’s total income.

A

1%; 21%

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11
Q

In the early 1300s, the early Aztecs were _________________________________.

A

persecuted and cast out from other nations.

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12
Q

The Aztecs believed ___________________________ to guide them to their new settlement.

A

God would show them a sign.

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13
Q

The sign the Aztecs believed would guide them was _________________________________

A

an eagle perched on a prickly cactus eating a snake.

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14
Q

They saw the symbol on a lake and began building ______________

A

Tenochtitlan.

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15
Q

The Aztec’s guiding symbol is the reason there is an ______________________________ on the Mexican flag.

A

eagle on a cactus

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16
Q

The green stripe on the Mexican flag represents–

A

the Independence Movement.

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17
Q

The white stripe on the Mexican flag represents–

A

the purity of the Catholic faith.

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18
Q

The red stripe on the Mexican flag represents–

A

the Spaniards that joined the quest for independence and the blood of national heroes.

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19
Q

In 1521, the _____________________ the Aztecs.

A

Spanish conquered

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20
Q

The Spanish then destroyed Tenochtitlan and built ________________

A

Mexico City

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21
Q

In 1821, _________________________________ from Spain.

A

Mexico won its independence

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22
Q

What does the term “urbanization” mean?

A

City growth

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23
Q

What are suburbs?

A

A developed area at the edge of a city that is mainly homes that also includes shops/businesses.

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24
Q

What is a metropolitan area?

A

A major population center made of a large city and smaller suburbs and towns that surround it.

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25
Q

In the 1970s and 1980s, about ______ people moved to Mexico City per day.

A

1,000

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26
Q

In 2000, about ____________ lived in Mexico City.

A

1 in 5 people

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27
Q

Why did people move to Mexico City?

A

Better education, better housing, better wages, more jobs.

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28
Q

What is the social contract?

A

An agreement among the people in a place to cooperate for the good of society.

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29
Q

Describe the poor people of Mexico City.

A

Live in slums

  • One room shacks made of cardboard and other junk
  • Lack electricity and running water
  • Hold more than 1 job
  • Work as maids, dishwashers, cooks, construction workers, street vendors, or bus drivers
  • Work long hours with little pay
30
Q

Describe the working poor people of Mexico City.

A

Live in large tenements or run-down apartments

  • Have jobs that are too low paying to lift them out of poverty
  • Closer to the center of the city
  • Cinder block homes with metal or tar covered roofs
  • Have electricity and running water
  • Streets are usually paved
31
Q

Describe the middle class of Mexico City.

A

Live in houses or apartments near center of the city or modern suburbs farther away

  • Work in business, private education, or government
  • Afford some luxuries like phones or TV
32
Q

Describe the rich of Mexico City.

A

Live in “estates” with high wall and security systems

  • Large landowners or leaders in business or government
  • The working poor serve as their maids, gardeners, or drivers
33
Q

Why were the lakes drained in Mexico City?

A

To provide building space for houses/apartments.

34
Q

How did the US get the Panama Canal built?

A

The United States backed a revolt in Colombia in the region called Panama.

35
Q

What happened as a result of the US backing a revolt in the region of Panama?

A

Panama gained its independence and allowed the U.S. to build the Panama Canal.
Also, allowed the United States to own and control Canal.

36
Q

When was the Panama Canal constructed?

A

1904-1914

37
Q

How long does the canal stretch?

A

50 miles

38
Q

Why was Panama chosen?

A

It is an isthmus and has geographic features that would make the canal easier to construct.

39
Q

The Panama Canal is a _____ canal.

A

lock

40
Q

What does the Panama Canal do?

A
  • Cuts the trip from New York City to San Francisco from 14,000 miles to only 6,000 miles.
  • Shorter travel meant cheaper goods and costs.
  • Bring money to the United States by charging other countries to use the canal.
41
Q

How many workers passed away during construction?

A

5,000 workers

42
Q

How much did it cost to build the canal?

A

$350 million back then.

Now worth about $9.3 billion.

43
Q

When did the US give control rights back to Panama?

A

They gave the rights back in 1999. Jimmy Carter was president during this time.

44
Q

________ vessels travel through the canal every year.
_____ of all world trade goes through the canal.
_____ of all US borne trade goes through the canal.

A

14000; 4%; 16%

45
Q

When was the Panama Canal updated/expanded?

A

2016

46
Q

Did Pittsburgh play a big part in this expansion?

A

Yes. The company was called Eaton.

47
Q

What concept did the Mayans discover 1000 years before the Europeans?

A

Concept of 0 (zero)

48
Q

What did they accurately create for 365 days?

A

Calendars

49
Q

What did they invent that only four other cultures did?

A

A writing system

50
Q

What did they make thousands of?

A

Paper books

51
Q

What did they invent?

A

Basketball, herbal medicine, and chocolate

52
Q

Where did the Mayan Civilization develop?

A

Southern Mexico and Northern Central America

53
Q

When did the Mayan Civilization “exist”?

A

250-900

The Aztec Empire did not begin until 1428.

54
Q

The Amazon Rainforest is a _____________________________

A

broadleaf evergreen forest.

55
Q

How large is the AR?

A

2 million square miles. (About triple the size of Mexico)

56
Q

What countries is the AR in?

A

Brazil, Colombia, Peru, Ecuador, Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, and Bolivia.

57
Q

The AR is an–

A

ecosystem.

58
Q

An ecosystem is–

A

An ecosystem is a biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment.

59
Q

What is land use conflict?

A

Several groups wanting to use the same area of land land but have different wants/needs.

60
Q

What are the groups in the AR?

A

Native Amazonians; Rubber Tappers; Loggers; Settlers/Farmers; Cattle Ranchers; Environmental Groups

61
Q

What is deforestation?

A

The removing or clearing away of trees.

62
Q

What is sustainable development?

A

Using resources in ways that meet the needs of people today without hurting the future of the resources.

63
Q

Describe Native Amazonians

A

Lived here for 12000 years
Want to continue living traditional way of life
Want gov’t to make them legal owners of homeland
Have uncontacted tribes

64
Q

Describe Rubber Tappers

A

First came to the AR in the 1870’s
Make rubber from the sap of trees in the AR
Want loggers to leave
Want gov’t to set-up protected areas to tap
Sustainable

65
Q

Describe Loggers

A 
Began in the Rainforest during the 1960s
Make furniture and paper
Provide jobs for 1000s
Exported over $5 billion in 2004 
Helps everyone in the economy, not just small group
60-80% of logging is done illegally
66
Q

How are they stopping illegal logging?

A

Cell phones with motion sensors

67
Q

Describe Settlers/Farmers

A

Began moving to the Amazon Rainforest in the 1960’s
¼ of people in Brazil are poor
Gov’t encouraged poor to live and farm in the AR
- Land for everyone which was needed to feed family
- Creating deforestation, due to slash and burn farming techniques

68
Q

Describe Cattle Ranchers

A

Began in the 1960’s
Clear land or use cleared land
Cattle help feed people in Brazil
Export over $1 billion per year – including to US
Their cattle eat the grass down to the root
Economic boost to the region

69
Q

Describe Environmental Groups

A

Began coming to the Rainforest in the 1970’s to study it
- Study plants and look for cures
- Study wildlife and native people
Want to protect biodiversity

70
Q

In 2.5 acres of the AR, what can you find?

A

750 kinds of trees
1,500 plants
125 mammals
400 types of birds

71
Q

What are the three ideas for reducing land use conflict?

A

Ecotourism
Sustainable Development
Buy Products From Companies Preserving the AR

6 - World and its People (5 decks)

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