unit 2 history Flashcards
Iliad
poem written by Homer in the mid-8th century. it is based on the Trogen War, it starts with a fierce quarrel between King Agamemnon and Achilles. and starts a war over a girl who was taken to Troy. it shows the significance of glory and the values of the ancient Greeks.
Delian League
it was a treaty made by two city stats sparta and anthens. they agreed not to get into each other’s affairs. they made the Delian League also to defend the Aegean region from persian treats
it was significant bc then there was not war for a time and they had peace.
Zeus
he was a deity in Greek mythology and was thought to have been the he was god of all gods, he was the god of the sky thunder, and lightning.
and the Olympic games were in honor of him
Battle of Marathon
in 490 bc. the king of Persia named Darius sent a fleet of 20000 soldiers to Athens and Eretria to punish them for helping the Indian revolt. they plundered Eretria and went to get Athens. they found a sheltered beach and a small pain that they named Marathon. this was when the Athenians attacked them and won the battle.
Phillip of Macedon
in the 4th century, several kings united Macedonians and Phillip II spent 3 years as a hostage in Thebes, learned new battle tactics, and brought them back to the land of Macedonia. he created a professional army and defeated the southern Greeks in 338 BC and was assassinated in 336 by his personal guard Pausinious
punic wars
264- 146 bce.
1st punic War was Rome defeating the Carthaginians 264-202
2nd was Hanable of leading his army and killed 50000 Romen in battle. but 14 years later the romans pushed Hanable back. this was when the Romans realized they had power. 218-202
3rd war was agenst the carthaginians again but this time they fully defeeted them into the ground and that was the end of them.
Pax Romana
this was when there were no nationalities within the Roman Empire. there was a sense of belonging for all and there were Roman and native laws in the empire, this was 117-161 AD.
Nero
he was the 5th emperor. he was suspected to have started the great fire of Rome but accused the Christians. he burned them at the stake and did awful things to them.
Constantine i
fist emperor to convert to christianity. he was on the throne in 306 AD. freed Christians from persecution stopped the Olympics bc it was for Zeus the god.
he made the church of the holy wisdom. (Hagia Sophia) is still stands but it is a mosque
Nicaean Council
in 325 AD. Constantine called a meeting of ancient Nicaen.
to create to Arianism believers that Jesus was a man created by god rather than himself. The Byzantin emperor prospered until 1453 when it was conquered by the ottoman empire
Barbarian invasions
during the 4th and 5th centuries AD.
invaders included various Germanic tribes.
raids and invasions across the Western Roman Empire. Major cities, including Rome itself contributed to the ultimate collapse of the Western Roman empire. helped shap the Roman Empire and Europe during the transition from antiquity to the early medieval period.
Etruscans
1000-396 BC.
it was a sophisticated civilization thatnhabited northern central Italy. during their peak of power, there were 2 other civilizations challenging for Mediterranean power. the greeks, city-stats,
Hannibal
he was the military leader of the Carthaginians and helped them recover from the loss in the first Punic War. he led a land-based attack through the Alps with 35-40000 troops and 37 elephants. arrived in Italy with only 26000 troops and 1 elephant.
Jerusalem Council
45-50 AD critical issue on if genties should fallow jewish laws. perer and paul were their. and it was dicieded that christians were not alowed to particapat in jewish ways.
Jewish Diaspora
it was the dispersion of Jews that started in 586 AD. This was becaues of the Babylonians that they destroyed the temples. in 70 AD. destroyed the temples again and they were never rebuilt again. jews were dispersed all over the Mediterranean.
