Unit 2 - Historical Globalization Flashcards
What is early globalization?
Dates back to when people starting trading.
Theory 2 of globalization has how many stages?
Three
What is the first stage of the second theory of globalization?
Goods and ideas were exchanged along ancient trade routes.
What is the second stage of the second theory of globalization?
Late 1400s known as European Imperialism, also known as historical globalization.
What is the third stage of the second theory of globalization?
(After WW2) Rapid growth of world markets and instant communication.
Define imperialism.
Policy of extending a country’s power by acquiring new territories and establishing control over other countries and peoples.
Define “colony.”
A territory claimed and ruler by another country.
When and who invented the printing press?
mid 1400s. Gutenberg.
Describe the growth of the middle class after the Middle Ages.
- The middle class grows larger and more influential.
- New class wanted to increase wealth.
- Expanding trade helps achieve wealth.
What were the three reasons for European Imperialism?
God: desire to spread Christianity.
Gold: Search for wealth; raw materials, cheap labour, and markets for finished goods.
Glory: sense of adventure, prestige of adding to territory.
What was “The Great Exchange?”
Began with exchange of goods (seeds, fruit trees, livestock) brought by Columbus to the Americas.
This starts a revolution; changes the diets of the peoples of the world, and begins the trade.
Define mercantilism.
Economic policy of European governments strictly controlling trade.
How did mercantilism work?
Raw materials from colony -> Home country for manufacturing -> Back to colonies for sale.
Mercantilism work in ______1_______’s favour, and took advantage of the ______2_____.
- the home country
2. colonies.
What year was the American Revolution?
1776
Why were the colonies dissatisfied with mercantilism?
Laws restricted where people in the colonies purchased goods from, and eliminated competition. They were taken advantage of for their resources and as a market.
What was the impact of capitalism.
Challenged government’s economic control and advocated free trade, competition and choice as routes to economic prosperity.
List three impacts on the movement of people, as a result of historical globalization.
Migration, displacement, and depopulation.
Define migration.
Movement of people from one region to another.
Define displacement.
Involuntarily dispersal of a people especially from their homeland.
Define depopulation.
Reduction in population caused by natural/human made forces.
List some causes of depopulation.
Conflict between indigenous and new settlers. Loss of land. Acculturation. Assimilation. Diseases – no natural immunity. Slavery.
What did people share on the Silk Road?
Knowledge, inventions, religious beliefs, artistic styles, languages, and socials customs as well as goods.
The Silk Road began in ___1___and stretched to ___2____.
- Rome
2. China
What new tech knowledge ease meant that larger ships could be built faster and be more maneuverable?
Large, Square sales and the Lanteen – a triangular, mobile Stern sale that could be sent as an angle to the wind.
What new navigational tools were used during historical globalization?
The magnetic compass, the Mariner’s astrolabe, the sextant, and maps.
During the Industrial Revolution, the factories of Western Europe needed what raw materials?
Cotton, cool, iron ore, and later, copper, oil, rubber, and tin.
Production shifts from the __1__ to _____2_____ to ____3____.
- Home
- Small craft shops
- Large factories.
Where did industrialization take place?
England, France, Spain, and Germany.
Industrialization fuels ___________.
Imperialism.
What was the first country to experience industrialization?
Great Britain
What precedes the Industrial Revolution?
Agricultural Revolution.
What forces people into the cities?
Enclosure Acts in Great Britain. Forces urbanization and a cheap source of labor.
Define legacies.
Legacy is something that has been passed on by those who lived in the past.
What are some examples of a legacy?
Political structures, buildings and monuments, oral histories and stories, tangible artifacts.
Define ethnocentrism.
A word that combines “ethnic” and “centre”, refers to a way of thinking that centers on one’s own race and culture.
Define Eurocentrism.
A form of ethnocentrism that uses European ethnic, national, religious, and linguistic criteria to judge other peoples and their cultures.
What happened in 1884, regarding the Scramble for Africa?
Representatives of the US, Austria – Hungary, Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Britain, Italy, the Netherlands, the Ottoman Empire, Portugal, Russia, Spain, and Sweden – Norway met in Berlin, Germany, to divide Africa among themselves.
