Unit 2 Fluency Facts Flashcards
Pueblo Revolt
Who: Spanish, Pope (leader), Pueblo Indians
What: Native rebellion against Spanish, killed 400+ and drove 200+ out. Kicked out Spanish for 12 yr.
Where: Mexico, Santa Fe
When: 1680-92
Why: Most effective example of NAI resistance. Catholics pushed out and a return to traditional practice.
Virginia Company
Who: London investors, British settlers
What: Joint Stock Company formed to create Jamestown.
Where: Jamestown, Virginia
When: 1607 (Jamestown)
Why: Created the first successful British colony in America, established precedent of self governance.
City Upon a Hill
Who: John Winthrop and Puritans
What: Speech given on Arabella, Colony = City on a Hill watched by world
Where: Boston, Massachusetts, Arabella deck
When: 1630
Why: Model of American Exceptionalism, used excessively by future presidents
Ann Hutchinson
Who: Ann Hutchinson, John Cotton, Roger Williams
What: Puritan banned from Massachusetts Colony for heresy, believing God spoke directly to individuals over Church elders. Gender moment!
Where: Massachusetts Bay Colony
When: 1637
Why: Challenged gender roles and church dominance, founded more tolerant Rhode Island with Roger Williams, ideas contributed to secular state in constitution
Frame of Government
Who: William Penn
What: Written constitution for Pennsylvania colony that supported religious tolerance, and fair trade with Native Americans
Where: Pennsylvania
When: 1682
Why: Accordance with Quaker beliefs + Enlightenment, advocating religious freedom, civil rights, and self gov
Navigation Acts:
Who: British parliament, merchants vs colonies
What: Laws forcing colonies to be raw material mills + forced markets. No foreign merchants, only British ships could carry colonial goods.
Where: British Colonies
When: Passed 1651, only enforced after French and Indian War (1763)
Why: Mercantilism. Enumerated goods go to GB for reshipment, benefits England, leads to resentment when enforced.
King Philips War
Who: British vs NAI lead by Metacom (Philips guy)
What: War over land and encroachment by the British colonists
Where: New England
When: 1675-6
Why: Ups tension with native tribes through continual conflict over land, and most destructive war in U.S history with regards to population.
Covenant Chain:
Who: Iroquois Confederacy
What: Alliance and tribal agreement that gave Iroquois supremacy and favorable trade for New York
Where: New York
When: 1677
Why: Iroquois over other tribes, New York over other colonies, NAI leveraging settlers for own ends
Enlightenment:
Who: Locke, Montesquieu, Hobbes, Rousseau, Voltaire
What: Intellectual movement of thinkers that tried to apply principles of reason and methods of science to all aspects of society
Where: Europe, popper off in American colonies
When: 16-700’s
Why: Widespread ideas separate from religion. Influenced American political leaders and documents such as the Declaration of Independence, U.S. Constitution, and Bill of Rights. Basis of Republicanism and American Revolution
Great Awakening Pt. 1:
Who: George Whitefield, John Edward, Young Individuals
What: Religious movement that emphasized emotional, individual aspects
Where: Europe, popped off in Northern Colonies and South
When: 173-60’s
Why: Opposite the spread of secular Enlightenment ideas. First national movement. Questioned authority. Marked the first time that slaves were introduced to the Christian religion.
