Unit 2 (first 50)

Question 1

An example of a flat bone would be the

Answer 1

Sternum (breast bone).

Question 2

Spongy bone is found coating the outside of all bones.

Answer 2

False.

Question 3

Bone is ________ and contains mainly ________ nerves.

Answer 3

Highly vascularized; sensory.

Question 4

The carpal and tarsal bones are classified as

Answer 4

Short bones.

Question 5

Which is false regarding bone remodeling?

Answer 5

It occurs only at articular surfaces.

Question 6

Further lengthwise bone growth cannot occur once the epiphyseal lines have formed.

Answer 6

True.

Question 7

The general term for the process of bone formation:

Answer 7

Osteogenesis.

Question 8

The presence of an epiphyseal line indicates that:

Answer 8

The bone length is no longer increasing.

Question 9

High blood calcium and exercise cause calcitonin release to

Answer 9

Increase.

Question 10

Calcitriol stimulates absorption of calcium in the small intestine.

Answer 10

True.

Question 11

If an excessive amount of calcitonin is secreted in response to elevated blood calcium levels, we would expect

Answer 11

An elevated level of osteoblast activity.

Question 12

Which hormone inhibits bone growth?

Answer 12

Parathyroid hormone.

Question 13

The process of bone repair includes these steps:

Answer 13

a - c - d - b (Fracture hematoma forms → Fibrocartilaginous callus forms → Bony callus forms → Bone is remodeled).

Question 14

Which is not a feature of the ethmoid bone?

Answer 14

Inferior nasal concha.

Question 15

Which bones articulate with the femur?

Answer 15

Os coxae, tibia, patella.

Question 16

The vertebral column includes ___ cervical, ___ thoracic, and ___ lumbar vertebrae.

Answer 16

7, 12, 5.

Question 17

The glenoid cavity is a point of articulation between

Answer 17

The scapula and humerus.

Question 18

Immovable joints are called:

Answer 18

Synarthrotic.

Question 19

The term “diarthrosis” refers to a joint that is

Answer 19

Freely mobile.

Question 20

A joint that is slightly moveable, such as the intervertebral discs, intercarpal and intertarsal joints, is termed

Answer 20

Amphiarthroses.

Question 21

A synarthrosis is

Answer 21

Immobile.

Question 22

Fibrous bands of connective tissue hold the ulna and radius together to form this type of slightly movable joint:

Answer 22

Syndesmosis.

Question 23

A gomphosis is an example of a(n)

Answer 23

Fibrous joint.

Question 24

Functionally, a gomphosis is categorized as a

Answer 24

Synarthrosis.

Question 25

Which of the following is not a type of fibrous joint?

Answer 25

Symphysis.

Question 26

Which of the following is not a synovial joint?

Answer 26

Symphysis pubis.

Question 27

The metatarsophalangeal joints allow movement in two planes and are classified as _________ joints.

Answer 27

Condylar.

Question 28

A sac containing synovial fluid at freely movable joints:

Answer 28

Bursae.

Question 29

When the metacarpal meets the carpal at the thumb joint allowing you to grasp objects, a particular kind of diarthrotic joint is formed called

Answer 29

Opposition; saddle.

Question 30

The ankle joint is the only joint that makes the movements “dorsiflexion” and “plantar flexion”.

Answer 30

True.

Question 31

When compared to the shoulder, the hip joint has

Answer 31

A deeper bony socket and stronger supporting ligaments.

Question 32

Which is the correct order of the connective tissue layers of a skeletal muscle, beginning with the most superficial?

Answer 32

Epimysium, perimysium, endomysium.

Question 33

Which is not a protein found in thin filaments?

Answer 33

Myosin.

Question 34

The structure responsible for attaching muscle to bone is a

Answer 34

Tendon.

Question 35

Which are possible functions of skeletal muscles?

Answer 35

Maintenance of posture, both highly coordinated and localized simple movements, temperature regulation, support of certain body organs, regulation of the movement of material through certain body tracts.

Question 36

After the muscle contraction ends, ATP is needed to store the calcium once again in the:

Answer 36

Terminal cisternae of the SR.

Question 37

What is the correct order that a motor nerve stimulation encounters structures in triggering a contraction?

Answer 37

Motor nerve → Synaptic cleft → Sarcolemma → Sarcoplasmic reticulum → Troponin.

Question 38

When an impulse arrives at the knob of the motor neuron, calcium

Answer 38

Enters through voltage-gated channels and triggers the release of transmitter.

Question 39

As a muscle relaxes, calcium moves back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum by a process called

Answer 39

Active transport.

Question 40

Creatine phosphate

Answer 40

Supplies energy for the synthesis of ATP.

Question 41

What process provides the most of a muscle’s ATP?

Answer 41

Aerobic respiration.

Question 42

For a sprint lasting 60 seconds, ATP is supplied primarily by

Answer 42

Phosphate transfer and glycolysis.

Question 43

Oxygen debt is the amount of extra oxygen needed after an exercise to do all of the following except

Answer 43

Replenish the sodium in the muscle.

Question 44

In general, a muscle’s resting length is its optimal length for force generation.

Answer 44

True.

Question 45

Oxidative fibers are

Answer 45

Red and fatigue-resistant.

Question 46

When a muscle is isometrically contracted, its length _______ change.

Answer 46

Does not.

Question 47

Which of the following is/are voluntary muscle?

Answer 47

Skeletal muscle.

Question 48

When smooth muscle is stretched for a prolonged period of time, it responds by

Answer 48

Relaxing.

Question 49

What is a muscle that provides the major force for producing a specific movement called?

Answer 49

An agonist.

Question 50

The rectus abdominis is a(n) _____ muscle, while the rectus femoris is a(n) _____ muscle.

Answer 50

Parallel; bipennate.