unit 2 exam

Question 1

Which of the following situations or conditions
warrants immediate transport?

Select one:

a. Mild pain in the lower abdomen
b. Severe chest pain and cool, pale skin
c. Decreased ability to move an extremity
d. Responsiveness and ability to follow commands

Answer 1

b. Severe chest pain and cool, pale skin

Question 2

Poor peripheral circulation will cause the skin
to appear

Select one:

a. pink
b. ashen
c. flushed
d. cyanotic

Answer 2

ashen

Question 3

A patient who does not respond to your
questions, but moves or cries out when his or her trapezius muscle is pinched,
is said to be:

Select one:

a. conscious and alert
b. completely unresponsive.
c. responsive to verbal stimuli.
d. responsive to painful stimuli.

Answer 3

d. responsive to painful stimuli.

Question 4

You should gently palpate a patient’s pelvis
only if:

Select one:
a. you note gross deformity to the pelvic area.
b. the patient does not complain of pelvic pain.
c. the MOI suggests significant trauma to the
pelvis.
d. the possibility of a pelvic fracture has been
ruled out.

Answer 4

b. the patient does not complain of pelvic pain.

Question 5

When palpating a patient’s pulse, you note that there is a short interval between pulsations. This indicates that the pulse is:

Select one:

a. slow
b. rapid
c. irregular
d. thready

Answer 5

b. rapid

Question 6

Normal skin color, temperature, and condition
should be

Select one:

a. pink, warm, and dry.
b. pale, cool, and moist.
c. pink, warm, and moist.
d. flushed, cool, and dry.

Answer 6

a. pink, warm, and dry.

Question 7

A patient’s short-term memory is MOST likely intact if he or she correctly answers questions regarding:

Select one:

a. time and place
b. date and event.
c. event and person.
d. person and place

Answer 7

b. date and event.

Question 8

If you cannot palpate a pulse in an unresponsive patient whose collapse was not witnessed, you should:

Select one:

a. apply an AED at once
b. immediately begin CPR.
c. palpate at another pulse site.
d. assess for adequate breathing.

Answer 8

b. immediately begin CPR.

Question 9

When performing a rapid exam on a supine patient, what part of the body is typically assessed last?

Select one:

a. Abdomen
b. Posterior
c. Extremities
d. Anterior chest

Answer 9

b. posterior

Question 10

A 40-year-old male presents with pain to the right upper quadrant of his abdomen. He is conscious and alert with stable vital signs. During your assessment, you note that his skin and sclera are jaundiced. You should suspect:

Select one:

a. acute pancreatitis.
b. liver dysfunction.
c. gallbladder disease.
d. renal insufficiency.

Answer 10

b. liver dysfunction.

Question 11

Which of the following statements regarding
stridor is correct?

Select one:
a. It is a whistling sound heard in the lower
airway.
b. It is caused by incorrect airway positioning
c. It is a high-pitched, crowing upper airway
sound.
d. It suggests the presence of fluid in the lungs

Answer 11

c. It is a high-pitched, crowing upper airway sound.

Question 12

A patient with spontaneous respirations is
breathing:

Select one:

a. at a normal rate.
b. with shallow depth
c. without difficulty.
d. without assistance.

Answer 12

d. without assistance.

Question 13

When palpating the carotid pulse of a responsive
patient, you should:

Select one:
a. avoid compressing both carotid arteries
simultaneously.
b. ensure that his or her head is in a
hyperextended position.
c. avoid gentle pressure so that weak pulses can be detected.
d. firmly compress the artery because the pulse is often weak.

Answer 13

a. avoid compressing both carotid arteries simultaneously.

Question 14

A 29-year-old male with a head injury opens his
eyes when you speak to him, is confused as to the time and date, and is able to
move all of his extremities on command. His Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score is:

Select one:

a. 10
b. 12
c. 13
d. 14

Answer 14

c. 13

Question 15

When you inspect a patient’s pupils with a penlight, the pupils should normally react to the light by:

Select one:

a. constricting
b. enlarging
c. dilating.
d. fluttering.

Answer 15

a. constricting

Question 16

After performing a primary assessment, a rapid exam of the body should be performed to:

Select one:
a. determine the need for spinal motion restriction
precautions.
b. identify less-obvious injuries that require
immediate treatment.
c. look specifically for signs and symptoms of
inadequate perfusion.
d. find and treat injuries or conditions that do
not pose a threat to life.

Answer 16

b. identify less-obvious injuries that require immediate treatment.

Question 17

Supplemental oxygen without assisted ventilation would MOST likely be administered to patients:

Select one:
a. who are semiconscious with shallow respirations.
b. with rapid respirations and a reduced tidal
volume.
c. who have accessory muscle use and slow
breathing.
d. with difficulty breathing and adequate tidal
volume.

Answer 17

d. with difficulty breathing and adequate tidal volume.

Question 18

You receive a call to a daycare center for an unresponsive 8-month-old infant. Upon arrival, you perform an assessment and determine that the infant is not breathing. Your next action should be to:

Select one:

a. open the airway and give two rescue breaths.
b. begin chest compressions and request backup.
c. immediately transport the child to the hospital.
d. assess for a brachial pulse for 5 to 10 seconds.

Answer 18

d. assess for a brachial pulse for 5 to 10 seconds.

Question 19

When assessing a 62-year-old female with crushing chest pain, you note that her pulse is rapid and irregular. You should administer supplemental oxygen if needed and then:

Select one:
a. apply the AED and analyze her cardiac rhythm.
b. transport at once and consider requesting a
paramedic unit.
c. document your findings and perform a detailed
assessment.
d. conclude that the irregular pulse is normal based on her age.

Answer 19

b. transport at once and consider requesting a paramedic unit.

Question 20

Which of the following findings indicates that your patient has a patent airway?

Select one:

a. Audible breathing
b. Forceful coughing
c. Inspiratory stridor
d. Unresponsiveness

Answer 20

b. forceful coughing

Question 21

A 40-year-old male crashed his motorcycle into a
tree. He is semiconscious, has snoring respirations, and has a laceration to
the forearm with minimal bleeding. You should

Select one:
a. apply a cervical collar and suction his airway.
b. open his airway with the jaw-thrust maneuver.
c. apply a pressure dressing to the patient’s arm
d. tilt the patient’s head back and lift up on his
chin.

Answer 21

b. open his airway with the jaw-thrust maneuver.

Question 22

A 71-year-old female slipped on a rug and fell. She is conscious and alert and complains of severe pelvic pain. Her respirations are 22 breaths/min with adequate depth and her heart rate is 120 beats/min. Which of the following is NOT indicated for this patient?

Select one:

a. Rapid head-to-toe exam
b. Application of a cervical collar
c. Treating her for possible shock
d. Gentle palpation of the pelvis

Answer 22

d. gentle palpation of the pelvis

Question 23

A patient with profuse sweating is referred to
as being:

Select one:

a. flushed.
b. plethoric.
c. diaphoretic.
d. edematous.

Answer 23

c. diaphoretic.

Question 24

When you assess capillary refill time in an infant, normal color to the tested area should return within:

Select one:

a. 1 second.
b. 2 seconds.
c. 3 seconds.
d. 4 seconds

Answer 24

b. 2 seconds.

Question 25

As you assess the head of a patient with a suspected spinal injury, your partner should:

Select one:

a. maintain stabilization of the head.
b. look in the ears for gross bleeding.
c. prepare the immobilization equipment.
d. assess the rest of the body for bleeding.

Answer 25

a. maintain stabilization of the head.

Question 26

When assessing the skin of an unresponsive patient, you note that it has a bluish tint to it. This finding is called:

Select one:

a. pallor
b. flushing
c. cyanosis
d. mottling

Answer 26

c. cyanosis

Question 27

Which of the following is the MOST effective method of assessing the quality of air movement in the lungs?

Select one:

a. Evaluating the patient’s chest for cyanosis
b. Applying a pulse oximeter and monitoring the SpO2
c. Auscultating breath sounds with a stethoscope
d. Looking for the presence of accessory muscle use

Answer 27

c. auscultating breath sounds with a stethoscope.

Question 28

Which of the following signs of respiratory distress is seen MOST commonly in pediatric patients?

Select one:

a. Seesaw breathing
b. Rapid respirations
c. Pursed-lip breathing
d. Accessory muscle use

Answer 28

a. seesaw breathing

Question 29

For an adult, the normal resting pulse should be between

Select one:

a. 50 and 60 beats/min.
b. 50 and 70 beats/min.
c. 60 and 100 beats/min.
d. 70 and 110 beats/min.

Answer 29

c. 60 and 100 beats/ min.

Question 30

Which of the following factors would MOST likely cause a patient’s pulse rate to be slower than normal?

Select one:

a. Anxiety or severe stress
b. Beta-blocker medications
c. Internal bleeding from trauma
d. Lack of a regular exercise routine

Answer 30

b. beta-blocker medications

Question 31

When palpating a patient’s pulse, you note that it is grossly irregular. You should:

Select one:
a. count the pulse rate for at least 30 seconds to
ensure accuracy.
b. count the number of pulsations in 15 seconds and
multiply by four.
c. count the number of pulsations in 30 seconds and
multiply by two.
d. count the pulse rate for a full minute to obtain
an accurate reading.

Answer 31

d. count the pulse rate for a full minute to obtain an accurate reading.

Question 32

Clinical signs of labored breathing include all
of the following, EXCEPT

Select one:

a. shallow chest movement.
b. use of accessory muscles.
c. supraclavicular retractions.
d. gasping attempts to breathe.

Answer 32

a. shallow chest movement.

Question 33

A pulse with a consistent pattern is considered
to be:

Select one:

a. weak
b. strong
c. regular
d. irregular

Answer 33

c. regular

Question 34

Upon arriving at a potentially unsafe scene, you should:

Select one:

a. remove all bystanders.
b. request another ambulance.
c. move the patient to safety.
d. ensure that you are safe.

Answer 34

d. ensure that you are safe.

Question 35

An adult patient who is NOT experiencing difficulty breathing will:

Select one:
a. be able to speak in complete sentences without
unusual pauses.
b. assume a position that will facilitate effective and easy breathing.
c. exhibit an indentation above the clavicles and
in between the ribs.
d. have a respiratory rate that is between 20 and
24 breaths/min.

Answer 35

a. be able to speak in complete sentences without unusual pauses.

Question 36

A patient with high blood pressure would be expected to have skin that is:

Select one:

a. flushed and red.
b. mottled and cool.
c. pale and moist.
d. cyanotic and dry.

Answer 36

a. flushed and red.

Question 37

After performing a head tilt–chin lift maneuver to open the airway of an unresponsive patient who has a pulse, you should:

Select one:
a. place him or her in the recovery position.
b. provide positive-pressure ventilatory
assistance.
c. assess respiratory rate, depth, and regularity.
d. suction as needed and insert an airway adjunct.

Answer 37

d. suction as needed and insert an airway adjunct.

Question 38

When a patient’s respirations are shallow:

Select one:

a. chest rise will be easily noticeable.
b. tidal volume is markedly reduced.
c. oxygenation occurs more efficiently.
d. carbon dioxide elimination is increased.

Answer 38

b. tidal volume is markedly reduced.

Question 39

When assessing a patient’s abdomen, you will
evaluate for all of the following, EXCEPT:

Select one:

a. subcutaneous emphysema.
b. open wounds or eviscerations.
c. gross bleeding and tenderness.
d. rigidity and obvious bleeding.

Answer 39

a. subcutaneous emphysema.

Question 40

With regard to the assessment of a patient’s cardiovascular status, capillary refill time is MOST reliable in:

Select one:

a. patients who are younger than 6 years of age.
b. patients who are significantly hypotensive.
c. patients who were exposed to cold temperatures.
d. patients who are older than 70 years of age.

Answer 40

a. patients who are younger than 6 years of age.

Question 41

Cyanosis of the skin is caused by:

Select one:

a. increased blood oxygen.
b. peripheral vasodilation.
c. venous vasoconstriction.
d. decreased blood oxygen.

Answer 41

d. decreased blood oxygen.

Question 42

If a patient develops difficulty breathing after your primary assessment, you should immediately:

Select one:

a. determine his or her respiratory rate.
b. begin assisting his or her breathing.
c. reevaluate his or her airway status.
d. auscultate his or her breath sounds.

Answer 42

c. reevaluate his or her airway status.

Question 43

A patient is sitting in a chair, leaning forward on his outstretched arms. His head and chin are thrust forward. This position indicates that he:

Select one:

a. has abdominal muscle spasms.
b. is experiencing severe back pain.
c. has a decreased level of consciousness.
d. is experiencing difficulty breathing.

Answer 43

d. is experiencing difficulty breathing.

Question 44

Which of the following is the MOST accurate
guide to palpating a pulse?

Select one:
a. Avoid compressing the artery against a bone or
solid structure.
b. Place the tips of your index and long fingers
over the pulse point.
c. Use your thumb to increase the surface area that
you are palpating.
d. Apply firm pressure to the artery with your ring
and little fingers.

Answer 44

b. Place the tips of your index and long fingers over the pulse point.

Question 45

You respond to the residence of a 62-year-old male who is unresponsive. Your primary assessment reveals that he is apneic and pulseless. You should:

Select one:
a. start CPR and attach the AED as soon as
possible.
b. ask the family if the patient has a terminal
disease.
c. perform CPR and transport the patient
immediately.
d. notify dispatch and request a paramedic
ambulance.

Answer 45

a. start CPR and AED as soon as possible.

Question 46

In the adult, bradycardia is defined as a pulse rate less than _______ beats/min, and tachycardia is defined as a heart rate greater than _______ beats/min.

Select one:

a. 60, 100
b. 50, 110
c. 40, 120
d. 30, 130

Answer 46

a. 60, 100

Question 47

In responsive patients who are older than 1 year of age, you should palpate the pulse at the ________ artery.

Select one:

a. radial
b. carotid
c. brachial
d. femoral

Answer 47

a. radial

Question 48

Which of the following abnormal breath sounds indicates obstruction of the upper airway?

Select one:

a. Rales
b. Stridor
c. Crackles
d. Rhonchi

Answer 48

b. stridor

Question 49

Normal respiratory rates should not exceed _______ breaths per minute in toddlers and _______ breaths per minute in infants.

Select one:

a. 18, 28
b. 20, 30
c. 30, 40
d. 40, 60

Answer 49

d. 40,60

Question 50

You are dispatched to the county jail for an inmate who is “sick.” When you arrive, you find the patient, a 33-year-old male, unresponsive. His airway is patent and his respirations are rapid and shallow. Your initial action should be to:

Select one:

a. apply a pulse oximeter.
b. request a paramedic unit
c. provide assisted ventilation.
d. assess his blood pressure.

Answer 50

c. provided assisted ventilation.