Unit 2 Exam Flashcards
What are Bryophytes?
Non vascular seedless plants
What are three bryophytes?
Hornworts
Liverworts
Mosses
What are Tracheophytes?
Vascular plants
Which Tracheophytes are seedless?
Lycophytes
Ferns
What tracheophytes are seeded?
Gymnosperms
Angiosperms
What are the 4 types of gymnosperms?
Cycadophyta
Gnetophyta
Ginkgophyta
Coniferophyta
What are the two angiosperms?
Monocots
Dicots
What is the alteration of generations?
Plant life moving from sporophyte to gametophyte generations
Breakdown sporophyte generation
Begins with fertilization and ends with meiosis
Produces spores through meiosis
Sporophyte is diploid 2N
Breakdown the gametophyte generation
Begins with meiosis and ends with fertilization
Produces gametes through mitosis
Gametophyte is haploid N
What is the dominant generation of bryophytes?
Gametophyte generation
What is the dominant generation of seedless vascular plants?
Sporophyte generation
What is the dominant generation of seed plants?
Sporophyte generation
Function of Archegonia in mosses?
Produce female gamete, egg/ovum
Function of antheridia in moss?
Produce male gamete, sperm
Function of moss cycle?
Spores are produced here
What are ferns restricted to?
Moist environment due to sperm are flagellated
Know the life cycle of a fern.
Look at it
What is the dominant generation of the seed plants
Sporophyte
Cycadophytes
Palm like
Gingkophytes
1 specie- maidenhair
Gnetophytes
Shrubs, tress and vines
Coniferophyta
Pines, hemlocks, spruces
Pines
Know life cycle and difference between male and female cone
Angie sperm
Flower anatomy
Double fertilization
What are three organs that have nothing to do with reproduction in flowering plants?
Roots
Stems
Leaves
Where is Apical meristem tissue produced at in plants?
Terminal ends of stems
Branches
Root tips
Root branches
Apical meristem tissue growth leads to the formation of of 3 tissue types
Dermal tissue (outermost, protective)
Ground tissue (interior, storage photo)
Vascular tissue (phloem, xylem)
4 areas of a root tip?
Root cap, zone of division, zone of elongation, zone of maturation.
Basic root anatomy
Epidermis
Cortex
Endodermis
Casparian strip
Pericycle
Vascular bundles
Pith
Many Differences of Monocot and dicot roots?
Monocot have numerous xylem and phloem 8+
Monocots have rounded or oval xylem
Large and well developed pith monocots
Monocots do not have secondary growth
What is secondary growth?
Cell division that causes stems and roots to thicken
Tap root vs fibrous root
Fibrous root sty stems are all the same length
Tap roots have primary roots that grow longer and thicker then secondary roots
What are Monocot stems?
Herbaceous / nonwoody
What are dicot stems?
Woody
What kind of stem growth do herbaceous undergo?
Primary due to apical meristem activity
What type of stem growth do woody undergo?
Primary and secondary (vascular cambium)
Vascular cambium produce what annually?
Xylem and phloem
What are xylem and phloem in woody stems?
Xylem = wood
Phloem = part of bark
Is the pith present in woody stems?
May or may not be
What do leaves produce?
Sugar through photosynthesis
