Unit 2 - Esters, Fats and Oils Flashcards
what are the name endings which help to identify an ester?
-yl and -oate
what functional group do esters contain?
-COO-
what type of reaction is used when making esters?
condensation
what are the two reactants used when making esters?
alcohol and carboxylic acid
what functional group do alcohols contain?
hydroxyl
-OH
what are the products formed when an alcohol and carboxylic acid react?
ester and water
what functional group do carboxylic acids contain?
Carboxyl
-COOH
if the water is removed from the reaction, what happens to the equilibrium.
it is shifted to the side of the ester.
what can be used to remove the water?
concentrated sulphuric acid
which reactant gives the start of an esters name?
alcohol
which reactant gives the second part of an esters name?
carboxylic acid.
what is used to heat the mixture when making an ester?
a water bath
why is a water bath used to heat the mixture when making an ester?
the reactants and products are highly flammable.
what does VOC stand for?
volatile organic compounds
what can be done to break an ester down into an alcohol and carboxylic acid?
it can be hydrolysed.
what is often used to catalyse hydrolysis of an ester?
an alkali
what origins do natural oils have?
vegetable and marine origins
what origins do natural fats have?
Animal origins
are solid fats saturated or unsaturated?
saturated
are liquid oils saturated or unsaturated?
unsaturated
fats and oils are naturally occurring esters of which alcohol?
glycerol
what type of alcohol is glycerol?
trihydric
what is the correct name for glycerol?
propan,1,2,3,triol
what is the ratio of fatty acids to glycerol in fats and oils?
3 : 1
what does a fat look like at room temperature?
solid
what does an oil look like at room temperature?
liquid
what are fatty acids?
fatty acids are saturated or unsaturated straight chain carboxylic acids.
what shape are fat and oil molecules?
tuning fork shape
which molecule is more closely packed, fat or oil?
fat
how will thee close packing of fat molecules affect the strength of van der waal’s bonds?
they will be stronger.
