Unit 2 - Esters, Fats and Oils

Question 1

what are the name endings which help to identify an ester?

Answer 1

-yl and -oate

Question 2

what functional group do esters contain?

Answer 2

-COO-

Question 3

what type of reaction is used when making esters?

Answer 3

condensation

Question 4

what are the two reactants used when making esters?

Answer 4

alcohol and carboxylic acid

Question 5

what functional group do alcohols contain?

Answer 5

hydroxyl

-OH

Question 6

what are the products formed when an alcohol and carboxylic acid react?

Answer 6

ester and water

Question 7

what functional group do carboxylic acids contain?

Answer 7

Carboxyl

-COOH

Question 8

if the water is removed from the reaction, what happens to the equilibrium.

Answer 8

it is shifted to the side of the ester.

Question 9

what can be used to remove the water?

Answer 9

concentrated sulphuric acid

Question 10

which reactant gives the start of an esters name?

Answer 10

alcohol

Question 11

which reactant gives the second part of an esters name?

Answer 11

carboxylic acid.

Question 12

what is used to heat the mixture when making an ester?

Answer 12

a water bath

Question 13

why is a water bath used to heat the mixture when making an ester?

Answer 13

the reactants and products are highly flammable.

Question 14

what does VOC stand for?

Answer 14

volatile organic compounds

Question 15

what can be done to break an ester down into an alcohol and carboxylic acid?

Answer 15

it can be hydrolysed.

Question 16

what is often used to catalyse hydrolysis of an ester?

Answer 16

an alkali

Question 17

what origins do natural oils have?

Answer 17

vegetable and marine origins

Question 18

what origins do natural fats have?

Answer 18

Animal origins

Question 19

are solid fats saturated or unsaturated?

Answer 19

saturated

Question 20

are liquid oils saturated or unsaturated?

Answer 20

unsaturated

Question 21

fats and oils are naturally occurring esters of which alcohol?

Answer 21

glycerol

Question 22

what type of alcohol is glycerol?

Answer 22

trihydric

Question 23

what is the correct name for glycerol?

Answer 23

propan,1,2,3,triol

Question 24

what is the ratio of fatty acids to glycerol in fats and oils?

Answer 24

3 : 1

Question 25

what does a fat look like at room temperature?

Answer 25

solid

Question 26

what does an oil look like at room temperature?

Answer 26

liquid

Question 27

what are fatty acids?

Answer 27

fatty acids are saturated or unsaturated straight chain carboxylic acids.

Question 28

what shape are fat and oil molecules?

Answer 28

tuning fork shape

Question 29

which molecule is more closely packed, fat or oil?

Answer 29

fat

Question 30

how will thee close packing of fat molecules affect the strength of van der waal’s bonds?

Answer 30

they will be stronger.