Unit 1 - Bonding & Structure

Question 1

where does metallic bonding occur?

Answer 1

between the atoms of metal elements

Question 2

what is metallic bonding?

Answer 2

the attraction of the positively charged ions for the delocalised electrons.

Question 3

how do metals exist?

Answer 3

as a giant lattice of positive ions held together by delocalised electrons.

Question 4

how can a metal be identified?

Answer 4

they conduct electricity

Question 5

what is responsible for metals being able to conduct electricity?

Answer 5

the delocaslised sea of electrons

Question 6

what are discrete covalent molecules?

Answer 6

small groups of atoms held together by strong covalent bonds inside the molecule and weak intermolecular forces between the molecules.

Question 7

what is a covalent bond?

Answer 7

a shared pair of electrons electrostatically attracted to the positive nuclei of two non-metal atoms.

Question 8

give 3 examples of larger covalent molecular elements

Answer 8

phosphorus
sulfur
fullerenes

Question 9

what are most of the discrete covalent molecules?

Answer 9

diatomic elements

Question 10

what are covalent networks?

Answer 10

large, rigid three-dimensional arrangements of atoms held together by strong covalent bonds

Question 11

why do covalent networks have high melting points?

Answer 11

they only contain strong bonds.

Question 12

2 examples of covalent networks?

Answer 12

diamond and graphite

Question 13

what are monotomic elements?

Answer 13

elements that exist as single, unattached particles.

Question 14

what is bonding inside molecules called?

Answer 14

intramolecular bonds

Question 15

what is bonding between molecules called?

Answer 15

intermolecular bonds

Question 16

where do pure covalent bonds exist?

Answer 16

between two atoms with the same electronegativities.

Question 17

how much ionic character does a pure covalent bond have?

Answer 17

none.

Question 18

what are good examples of pure covalent bonds?

Answer 18

diatomic elements

Question 19

what is a polar covalent bond?

Answer 19

a bond formed when a shared pair of electrons is not shared equally.

Question 20

where are ionic bonds mostly formed?

Answer 20

between a metal and non-metal with a large difference in electronegativity.

Question 21

what is an ionic bond?

Answer 21

the electrostatic force of attraction between a metal ion and a non-metal ion

Question 22

what are ions arranged into?

Answer 22

a 3-dimensional ionic lattice

Question 23

how is the type of bonding in a compound determined?

Answer 23

by the differences in electronegativity between the elements involved.

Question 24

what type of bonding is present between elements with the same electronegativities?

Answer 24

pure covalent

Question 25

what type of bonding is present between elements with a differenece in electronegativity greater than or equal to 2?

Answer 25

ionic bonding

Question 26

what type pf bonding is present between elements with a difference in electronegativity which is less than 2?

Answer 26

polar covalent

Question 27

where do London Dispersion forces exist?

Answer 27

between all atoms and molecules

Question 28

what affects the strength of London Dispersion forces?

Answer 28

the size of the molecule or atom

Question 29

what happens to London Dispersion forces as atomic size increases?

Answer 29

they increase

Question 30

are molecules with a permanent dipole polar or non polar?

Answer 30

polar

Question 31

what is the strongest type of intermolecular bond?

Answer 31

Hydrogen bonds