Unit 2 - - Egypt Flashcards
Did the Egyptian pharaohs want to conquer Nubia for gold and precious metals?
YES
What two products did the Egyptians make with their abundance of grain?
Bread and Beer
Who built the GreatTemple at Abu Simbel?
Ramses II
Did the Hittites live in an area of rugged terrain with very little fertile soil?
YES
Did Nefertiti send an impressive trade expedition to Punt?
NO - - it was Hatshepsut
Did the Egyptians conquer the Hittite kingdom at the Battle of Kadesh?
NO - - the battle ended in a stalemate
What military technologies did the Egyptians learn from the Hyksos?
Powerful bows
War chariots
Bronze weapons
Which pharaoh led the Egyptian army during the Battle of Kadesh?
Ramses II
Tell me what you know about Punt
Hatshepsut sent a trade expedition to Punt
Did Hatshepsut fight many wars to expand the Egyptian Empire?
NO - - she encouraged trade rather than war
What is the term for a huge tomb built for pharaohs by common workers?
Pyramids
What were two of Hatsheput’s great accomplishments as ruler of Egypt?
Building the temple of Deir el-Bahri
Trade expedition to Punt
What pharaoh brought the Egyptian Empire to its largest size?
Thutmose III
Is the Nile River the second longest river in the world?
NO - - the longest river in the world
Did the Egyptians eventually respect the Hyksos as equals?
No - - they were treated like slaves
Did Hatshepsut send an impressive trade expedition to Punt?
YES
What occurred after the collapse of the New Kingdom?
Phoenician city states flourished in the Levant
Kingdom of Israel emerged in Canaan
Assyrians Conquered Egypt
What is the name of the sun disk that Akhenaten worshipped as the only god of Egypt?
Aton
What city served as the capital of the Middle Kingdom and New Kingdom in Egypt? He he
Thebes
Where did the Hittites form a powerful Kingdom?
Anatolia
The Hittites lived in an area of rugged terrain with very little fertile soil.
Yes
Does the term hieroglyphics mean sacred carving?
YES
Be able describe the civilization built by the Hittites - how did they become the main rival for the New Kingdom - why did the Hittites disappear from the historical record around 1200 BC - why are the Hittites significant in the development of the Western world?
Anatolia was rugged terrain with very little fertile soil - - so they need cooperation between farmers and herders
Powerful military challenged Egypt for metals and trade routes in Canaan and the Levantine which was the Battle of Kadesh
They disappeared due to plague and crop failure
Western world significance was the development of the modern European languages
Tell me what you know about Pyramids
HUGE tombs built outside of Memphis
Labor was provided by the common workers
Pharaohs were buried with their rich/luxurious belongings
They believed in life after death and would need them
What is the term for “Great House”?
Pharaoh
Which of the following people conquered Egypt?
Hyksos
Did the Hittites speak a Semitic language?
NO - an Indo-European language
Did the Assyrians conquer Egypt after the end of the New Kingdom?
YES
Be able to name some pharaohs who ruled during the New Kingdom in Egypt?
Ramses III Ramses II Akhenaten Tutankhamen Thutmose III Hatshepsut
Be able to discuss the Egyptian religion as it developed during the Old Kingdom and Middle Kingdom - - what role did the pharaoh play in this religion and what role did personal morality play?
They were polytheism - - belief in many gods
The pharaoh served as a vessel for all of the gods (was a god in human form)
The pharaoh was responsible for maintaining the Maat
They believed that the afterlife would be the same as the present life - - but then believed that personal morality would eventually determine a person’s afterlife - and the feather of truth test was performed - - if soul was light like a feather good after life - - if heavier than feather bad afterlife
What city served as the capital of the Old Kingdom in Egypt?
Memphis
What is the term for the process of removing organs and using salt to preserve a body?
Mummification
Why do the Egyptians and Hittites fight a battle at Kadesh - how did it end?
They fought for control for precious metals and trade routes
Kadesh was on the border of the two empires - - it ended in a stalemate and a peace treaty was formed.
What is the term for a reed that Egyptians used to make a writing surface similar to paper?
Papyrus
How did Anubis determine a person’s guilt in Egyptian mythology?
The feather of truth which was a
Personal morality gradually became more important in Egyptian religion
Anubis would weigh everyone’s heart against the feather of truth
The unjust or unworthy would be devoured By a beast
Who were the Sea People and how did they affect Egypt?
They were mysterious warriors who dominated the eastern Mediterranean
They wanted to invade Egypt - - But Egypt defeated the sea people
However this permanently WEAKENED Egypt
What is the term for nomads who used chariots to conquer Egypt around 1660 B.C.?
Hyksos
Who ruled as the first female pharaoh in Egyptian history?
Hatshepsut
Why did the Egyptians and Hittites fight a battle at Kadesh? How did it end?
~Egyptians and Hittites fought for control of precious metals and trade routes
~Kadesh was on the border of the 2 empires
~Battle ended in a stalemate and a peace treaty
What is the term for the part of Egypt that was the northern kingdom that was located along the Nile River Delta?
Lower Egypt
What was each Egyptian pharaoh’s most important responsibility?
Preserve the Maat
What is the term for the southern part of the kingdom that was located the the Nile’s first cataract?
Upper Kingdom
Who served as Akhenaten’s most dedicated assistant in his new religious cult?
Nefertiti
Where were the pharaohs buried during the New Kingdom?
Valley of Kings
Discuss the New Kingdom in Egypt. Why is this period considered to be the height of Egyptian civilization? Identify 2 New Kingdom pharaohs and describe their reigns. How did the collapse of the New Kingdom affect the ancient Near East?
Pharaohs built an empire stretching from Nubia to Canaan and the Levant Hatshepsut (trade), Thutmose III (military expansion), and Ramses II (defense) Collapse of Egyptian Empire allowed the rise of Israel, Phoenicia, and Assyria.
Which was a god or goddess that was worshipped by the Egyptians?
Marduk
Isis
And
Isis
Who United Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt as one kingdom around 3100 B.C.?
Menes
What is the term for a tablet that enabled the French to decipher hieroglyphics?
Rosetta Stone
Did the Egyptians use their abundance of grain to produce bread and beer?
YES
