Unit 2 Ecotourism Flashcards
Define Ecotourism (International)
The responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment, sustains the wellbeing of the local people and involves interpretation and education
Locate Borneo.
Describe its climate and landscape.
Located on the Equator
(Tropical wet and humid climate).
3 countries - Indonesia (south), Malaysia (north) and Brunei (north).
Malaysian territory is broken into two provinces Sarawak (north-west) and Sabah (north-east).
South China Sea is to the North-west and the Sulu Sea is to the East, Java Sea to the South.
Borneo is south-east of the Malay Peninsula and north of the island of Java.
Climate: Tropical
Landscape: Rainforest and volcanic
Locate Kamchatka.
Describe its climate and landscape.
Kamchatka Peninsula is located in Eastern Russia.
Sea of Okhotsk to the west, Pacific Ocean to the east.
Climate: Long, severe winters with snow and cool wet summers.
Landscape: tundra and volcanic
Economic impact of ecotourism on Borneo
Positive:
High income coming into a region whom thrives of tourism income.
More economic income made from ecotourists whom stay and participate in activities run by Malaysian owed companies
Ecotourists spend more money than domestic tourists as they are happy to spend more with their tourist goals.
Ecotourism companies can provide employment opportunities in local communities to hinder younger youth in Malaysia to move to city for employment
Negative:
Not all money stay in Malaysia due to foreign tourism companies and facilities
Seasonal Employment can hinder income in quiet tourism times.
Environmental impact of ecotourism on Borneo
Positive:
Money is used to preserve the environment by protecting regions from deforestation and palm oil extractions
Encourages national parks to be preserved for tourism use and income.
Activities aim to impact the environment as little as possible eg
Activities aim to preserve the culture
Preserving the local environment
Negative:
Some money may go into overseas countries not going back to the community - link to environment
Some activities still impact the environment eg ) accommodation
Increasing Tourists to national parks can put pressure on upkeep and maintenance. Eg pollution and trampling ground vegetation.
Wildlife can be stressed or impacted due to human close proximatity
Building lodges and ecotourists buildings can impact close environments
Social impact of ecotourism on Borneo
Positive:
Homestays and lodges to interact more with locals learning customs
Maintain local arts and crafts, festivals and ceremonies
Encourages younger generations to have appreciation for other cultures to be overall maintain and preserved
Negative:
Culture may be lost to impress visitors and people whom has money
Tribal traditions may be broken to suit timeframe and interest of tourists.
Economic impact of ecotourism on Kamchatka
Positive:
Money is made through selling fishing and hunting licenses, transporting fees etc:
Negative:
As a newly desired tourism attraction lacks facilities and infrastructure to enhance the amount of money they make.
While tourism number are increasing it is not corresponding to increased sales in other related businesses eg. souvenir shops
Environmental impact of ecotourism on Kamchatka
Positive:
Little impact on Environment as it has been preserved and untouched by human influence
Wildlife maintained and looked after as most are endangered species.
Negative:
Tourists can trample ground vegetation when hiking
High energy use for transportation
Waste disposal in an isolated region
Social impact of ecotourism on Kamchatka
Positive:
Tourists experience isolation and self discovery as the area offers peaceful and preserved locations
Education is mostly transferred via tour guides, rather than educational facilities eg signage
Negative:
Tourism access is limited due to less flights into the area and lack of hotel accommodation for tourists.
Identify and describe GLOBAL management strategies for ecotourism to Borneo
United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) donated money to poverty stricken regions to improve the social, economical and environmental conditions and enhance possible tourism revenue in these regions.
Providing Employment opportunities from foreign tourism companies
The International Ecotourism Society (TIES) Aims to promote responsible tourism practices that benefit local communities.
Identify and describe NATIONAL management strategies for ecotourism to Borneo
Malaysian government established Malaysian Tourism Transformation Plan (MTTP) to promote Malaysian Tourism, aiming to increase Tourism revenue.
Over 50 protected reserves and national parks covering 4.5% of the countries land area.
Kinabulu Park was established as a World heritage Site in 2000
Malaysian Wildlife Law: Regulates all interaction with wildlife and has full control of hunting activities.
Identify and describe LOCAL management strategies for ecotourism to Borneo
National Parks are managed at a local level
Local laws are put in place to protect wildlife and environments in these national parks
Monitoring plant and animal impacts and pollution left by tourists at campsites
Identify and describe GLOBAL management strategies for ecotourism to Kamchatka
The United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) made the volcanoes of Kamchatka a World Hertiage Site in 1996.
Identify and describe NATIONAL management strategies for ecotourism to Kamchatka
Lots of National Parks(Human use) Nature Reserves (wild as possible) and Protected Areas (some economic activity).
Hard to manage (27%) Reserved Areas, lack of staff and economic motivation.
Very Hard to manage all regions
Identify and describe LOCAL management strategies for ecotourism to Kamchatka
Valley of the Geysers:
Must be occupied by a tour guide. Litter is flown out and only drop toilets available.
High boardwalks to not disturb low ground vegetation
One helipad access
Visitors limited to 3000 per year
Lake Kuril:
Major Salmon breeding site:
Visitors are carefully controlled
Only Helicopter access to the location
Lodge only accomidates 16 visitors at the time
Electric fence to keep visitors safe rom wildlife
Must have a ranger present at all times will rifles
