Unit 1 SAC 1 Glossary Terms

Question 1

Absolute Location

Answer 1

Refers to the exact location on earth of a place for example latitude and longitude, postal address.

Question 2

Relative Location

Answer 2

Refers to the distance and direction from one place to another. The use of place names, landmarks and regions helps to specify the relative location of one place by comparing to the location of another place.

Question 3

Distribution

Answer 3

The arrangement of features or objects on the Earth’s surface.

Question 4

Spatial Distribution

Answer 4

The degree to which two or more phenomena are similarly distributed or arranged on the Earth’s surface.

Question 5

Scale

Answer 5

As the size of something compared to something else.

Question 6

Movement

Answer 6

A
A change in location of phenomena such as people, goods and ideas through travel or flow.

Question 7

Hazard

Answer 7

A situation with the potential to cause harm to people and/or the environment.

Question 8

Hazard Event

Answer 8

When a hazard is realized.

Question 9

Disaster

Answer 9

When a hazard is deemed severe enough by a recognised authority.

Question 10

Hazard Vulnerability

Answer 10

Refers to the characteristics and circumstances of a community, system or asset that make it susceptible to the damaging effects of a hazard.

Question 11

Natural Hazard

Answer 11

A naturally occurring hazard that is not caused by human activity. Human activity may influence the severity but not the occurrence.

Question 12

Risk

Answer 12

The likelihood of a hazard event occurring. Risk is often expressed as a statistical probability and is independent of the threat of what happens when the event actually occurs.

Question 13

Hydro-meteorological Hazard

Answer 13

Threats due to atmospheric conditions including floods, bushfires, cyclones, hurricanes.

Question 14

Geological Hazard

Answer 14

The threat from natural processes such as volcanic activity and earthquakes that release enormous amounts of energy stored in the Earth’s crust or even deeper in the mantle.

Question 15

Technological Hazard

Answer 15

Threats either initiated by humans or humans have played a significant role in their development such as air pollution and oil spills.

Question 16

Biological Hazard

Answer 16

Threats from lifeforms including infectious diseases, water-borne diseases, plant and animal invasions.

Question 17

Spatial Technology

Answer 17

A system for capturing, storing, checking, integrating, manipulating, analysing and displaying data, which are spatially referenced to the Earth. For example Global Position Systems (GPS).

Question 18

Geographical Information System (GIS)

Answer 18

A framework to organize, communicate, and understand the science of our world

Question 19

Gross Domestic Product (GDP)

Answer 19

The is the standard measure of the value added created through theproductionof goods and services i.n a country during a certain period

Question 20

Crown Fire

Answer 20

When a fire is in the tree canopy.

Question 21

Surface Fire

Answer 21

When the fire is in the bushes. It has not reached the canopy.

Question 22

Ground Fire

Answer 22

These fires are underground. They are fuelled by coal and tree roots

Question 23

Vector

Answer 23

An organism that does not cause the disease itself but which spreads infection by acting directly as host.

Question 24

Malaria

Answer 24

Malaria is a life-threatening disease caused by parasites that are transmitted to people through the bites of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes. It is preventable and curable. In 2019, there were an estimated 229 million cases ofmalariaworldwide

Question 25

Primary Hazard

Answer 25

The initial hazard that may cause secondary hazards. An earthquake is a primary hazard and it may cause secondary hazards such as flooding.

Question 26

Convection Current

Answer 26

In geological terms, a convection current is a current in the magma within the earth’s mantle. It is what drives plate tectonics. It is when the heat from the earth’s core, heats the magma in the mantle. As the magma heats it rises, moving towards the crust. As it moves towards the crust it cools causing it to sink where it is heated again creating a current.

Question 26

Secondary Hazard

Answer 26

A hazard caused by another hazard event. Eg. a fire caused by an earthquake.

Question 26

Plate Tectonics

Answer 26

The slow geological process that causes the movement of the large rocky plates floating on the Earth’s crust upon which the continents are located.