Unit 2 Early Rome (c. 1000–509 BCE) – Roman Religion: Objectives Flashcards
Q: Discuss the foundation of Rome and its development under the kings down to the foundation of the Republic.
A: Rome was traditionally founded in 753 BCE by Romulus, its first king. The early monarchy consisted of seven kings, including Etruscan rulers like Tarquin the Proud. Under the kings, Rome developed its first political, religious, and military institutions. The monarchy ended in 509 BCE when the last king was overthrown, leading to the establishment of the Republic.
Q: Explain the Roman concept and practice of religion.
A: Roman religion was polytheistic and based on rituals, priesthoods, and state-sponsored worship. It emphasized maintaining good relations with the gods (pax deorum) through sacrifices, festivals, and augury. Major deities included Jupiter, Mars, and Venus, but Romans also adopted gods from conquered cultures. Religious life blended public ceremonies with household worship of ancestral spirits (lares and penates).
