Unit 2: Dutch settlement at the Cape, pg. 176, 177, 182, 184 - 186, 189, 190

Question 1

What does VOC stand for? (English Name)

Answer 1

Dutch East India Company

Question 2

When did the VOC issue instructions to build an outpost at the Cape?

Answer 2

1651.

Question 3

Who did the VOC instruct to build this outpost?

Answer 3

Jan Van Riebeeck.

Question 4

What other thing did Jan Van Riebeeck have to build besides the outpost?

Answer 4

A fort for defence against the Khoi and other European competitors.

Question 5

When did Jan Van Riebeeck sail to the Cape?

Answer 5

6 April 1652.

Question 6

What 3 ships did Jan Van Riebeeck have under his command?

Answer 6

1. The Dromedaris
2. The Reijger
3. The Goede Hoop

Question 7

Give 4 reasons why the VOC outpost became a permanent settlement.

Answer 7

1. It was a strategic halfway mark on the sea route between Asia and Europe = ideal place to start a fruit and vegetable garden to provide fresh supplies to VOC vessels. This was important = many sailors got sick and died from diseases such as scurvy.
2. There was plenty of fresh water in the Table Bay area.
3. There was not enough land available for farming and livestock grazing to supply the VOC ships and the growing population at the Cape. So, the VOC gave Van Riebeeck permission to expand into areas around Table Bay = helped make settlement permanent.
4. The Dutch were afraid that the English/French might try to occupy the Cape because of its strategic location. So, since the Dutch wanted to protect their trade route between Europe and the East, the VOC committed itself to establishing a permanent settlement at the Cape.

Question 8

What were the VOC officials called that were released from their contracts and allocated land?

Answer 8

Free burghers. (No, not free burgers like Spur)

Question 9

Where were the free burghers allocated land?

Answer 9

Along the Liesbeeck River.

Question 10

Why were the free burghers allocated land?

Answer 10

More land had to be farmed in order to supply the passing VOC ships with enough fresh fruit, vegetables and other supplies (Eg. meat).

Question 11

What does ‘free burghers’ mean?

Answer 11

Free citizens.

Question 12

How did slaves resist their owners? List 5 ways.

Answer 12

1. Open attacks on idividuals/their property
2. Working slowly
3. Breaking equipment
4. Poisoning food
5. Run away

Question 13

Multiple choice:
What does ‘legacy’ mean?
A. Cheeseburgers
B. Things that the previous generation leaves behind for the next generation
C. Things that the previous generation takes from the next generation
D. Legacy

Answer 13

B. Things that the previous generation leaves behind for the next generation

Question 14

Multiple choice (2): Cuisine (food)

1. Many slaves were:
   A. Cooks and cutlery staff
   B. Butchers and Cooks
   C. Cooks and kitchen staff
2. They came from:
   A. Sri Lanka, India and South Africa
   B. India, Malaysia and Sri Lanka
   C. Malaysia, Chile and China

Answer 14

1. C. Cooks and kitchen staff

2. B. India, Malaysia and Sri Lanka

Question 15

Mulitple choice (3): Architecture (buildings)

1. Slaves did mostly:
   A. Menial work
   B. Build designs
   C. Painting
2. Builders from what country introduced aspects of their architecture to the Dutch style?
   A. Nigerian builders
   B. Angolian builders
   C. Malay builders

Answer 15

1. A. Menial work

2. C. Malay builders

Question 16

Fill in the blanks: Architecture (buildings)

Slaves built the Castle, G_____ Constantia, Vergelegen and S_____sig.

Answer 16

• Groot

- Simonsig

Question 17

Fill in the blanks (2): Music

During slavery at the Cape, both the Khoi and the i_____ slaves from the E____ used their own cultures to adapt Western musical instruments and i_____s.

Answer 17

• Imported
• East
• Ideas

Question 18

List 4 reasons why large numbers of free burghers left the Cape settlement in the 1700’s.

Answer 18

1. There was limited work available and many free burghers were unemployed. So they decided to leave the Cape settlement to see if they could make a living beyond the mountains.
2. The Cape government considered areas west of the mountains fully settled, they started a loan system that allowed free burger farmers to settle beyond the mountains for a small annual payment.
3. Many free burger farmers at the Cape didn’t like the autocratic rule of the government. So, they began trekking into the interior of southern Africa. They became known as trekboers, semi-nomadic pastoralists, who spread through the inland parts of the Cape.
4. On their trek to the interior, the trekboers encountered San, Khoi, and Xhosa people. There were many conflicts, mainly over land and cattle theft, which resulted in the indigineous people being dispossessed of their land (Eg. Frontier Wars with the Xhosa people).

Question 19

Where did the trekboers tend to live in?

Answer 19

Oxwagons - they did not usually stay in one place for a long time.

Question 20

What did the trekboers have to cope with on their journey to the interior? List 4.

Answer 20

• Wild animals.
• Shortage of water.
• Harsh climate.
• Attacks by indigineous people, who resented Europeans encroaching on land that they had lived on for centuries.

Question 21

What were the jobs of the trekboers? Explain the roles of the men, women, servants and children.

Answer 21

Men: Rode ahead to find the easiest path for the wagons and locate water for the night’s resting place
Women: Sat in wagons, mending clothes and looking out at the changing landscapes
Servants and children: Led the oxen as voorlopers

Question 22

What did the livelihood of the trekboers depend on?

Answer 22

Stockbreeding, but where the ground was suitable they grew grain.

Question 23

How did the trekboers build their houses?

Answer 23

They bulit their houses with mud walls and a roof made of reeds.

Question 24

What did the men obtain during their hunting trips?

Answer 24

Ivory and skins.

Question 25

What were the ivory and skins used for?

Answer 25

Bartering, when they went to the nearest town for supplies.

Question 26

What did the wives, older children and servants do when the men were hunting?

Answer 26

They grew vegetables to cater for the family’s needs, and sometimes they started small-scale manufacturing (Like making soap).