Unit 2 definitions

Question 1

Pharmacotherapeutics

Answer 1

use of specific drugs in the prevention, treatment (most common) or diagnosis of disease

Question 2

Pharmacokinetics

Answer 2

How the BODY impacts the drug The quantitative time dpndt changes of both plasma drug concentration and the total amt of drug in the body

Question 3

4 aspects to Pharmacokinetics

Answer 3

1. Admin/Absorption 2. Distribution 3. Metabolism 4. Elimination/excretion

Question 4

Pharmacodynamics

Answer 4

The impact of the drug, how the drug fcns via interactions with receptors

Question 5

Enteral Admin

Answer 5

Uses GI tract (oral, sublingual/buccal, rectal) for entry into the body takes advtg of rich capillary network

Question 6

First pass effect

Answer 6

consequence of oral admin. All drug dose absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract is first delivered to the liver by the portal vein. A fraction of the drug can then be metabolized in the liver before it even reaches the systemic circulation. Therefore the oral bioavailability of the drug is reduced.

Question 7

Parenteral Admin

Answer 7

Does not use GI tract for entry (injections)

Question 8

Volume of Distribution

Answer 8

the fluid vol that would be required to contain the total amount of absorbed drug in the the body at a uniform concentration equivalent to that in the plasma at steady state Vd is low for drugs contained in plasma, high for drugs distributed to muscle or adipose

Question 9

Biotransofrmation

Answer 9

Form of metabolism. how the substance is altered within the body

Question 10

Enzyme induction

Answer 10

Process by which a drug stimulates the expression of an enzyme

Question 11

Enzyme inhibition

Answer 11

The inhibition of an enzyme by another molecule

Question 12

half life

Answer 12

Amount of time over which the drug concentration in the plasma decreases to one half it’s original value

Question 13

G protein coupled Receptor

Answer 13

Most common (~70% mx rxns)

Mx interacts c extracellular folds & r. in changes intracellular therefore impact GTP/GDP

End R. typically phosphorylization of PRO promoting an intercellular action

MULT SIGNAL MECH

Question 14

Second messenger

Answer 14

molecules that relay signals received at receptors on the cell surface — such as the arrival of protein hormones, growth factors, etc. — to target molecules in the cytosol and/or nucleus.