unit 2 cytogenetics

Question 1

genetic imprinting

Answer 1

when a gene (mom or dad) ONLY 1 is expressed. Whichever is not expressed is supressed.

Question 2

epigenetics

Answer 2

the study and focus on how different enviornmental and behavioral factors can have an effect on genes

Question 3

P arm of chromsome

Answer 3

short arms (distance) from centromeres.

Question 4

q arm of chromsome

Answer 4

the q arm is the longest arm bc of distance compared to P arm.

Question 5

Q band

Answer 5

flourecent staning method that gives chromsome a banding pattern. This will idnentify and structure abnormalities.

Question 6

R banding

Answer 6

reverse of G banding–> uses denaturing hot acidic solution

Question 7

c banding

Answer 7

used to identify herterochromatin. does this by denaturing chromosomes in saturated alkaline solution AFTER G STAINING

Question 8

FISH

Answer 8

a cytogenetic tequineue developed in early 1980’s. Uses florescent DNA probes to target specified locations inside the nucleus. Will give out colored florescent signals that are detectable w a florescent microscope.

Question 9

Purpose of the banding and FISH

Answer 9

help find abnormalities in the chromosomes and specific locations in chromosomes to help treat hereditary conditions.

Question 10

heteroploid

Answer 10

abnormal # of chromosomes. There are either TOO MANY or TOO LIL compared to normal diploid #’s.

Question 11

Euploid

Answer 11

having the exact multiple of haploid # in a haploid set

Question 12

aneuploid

Answer 12

having abnormal # of chromosomes in haploid set

Question 13

trisomy

Answer 13

when an extra copy of chromosomes is present in nucleus of a cell. Cause abnormalities in development.

Question 14

karyotype

Answer 14

number and visual appearance of chromosomes inside a cells nuclei.

Question 15

aminocentesis

Answer 15

medical produce that can find genetic conditions in prenatal babies. HOW?–> hollow needle is inserted into the uterus. Is looking for amniotic fluid to test.