Unit 2 : Colonization of North America (1607-1754) Flashcards
Corporate Colonies
Operated by joint-stock companies (Jamestown)
Royal Colonies
After 1624, were under the direct authority and rule of the king’s government (Virginia)
Proprietary colonies
Under authority of individuals granted charters of ownership by King (Maryland and Pennsylvania)
Why did the first settlers of Jamestown suffer greatly?
- Located in swampy area along James River which spread diseases (dysentery & Malaria)
- Thought there was gold (when there wasn’t) so the goldsmiths had no jobs and refused to farm
- Rocky relationship with American Indians = no trade
Who were the Separatists?
Hundreds of them left England for Holland in search of a church independent from royal control. Known as pilgrims for their travels
Who were the Puritans?
Believed that the Church of England could be reformed, or purified.
What was the Great Migration?
15,000 settlers moved from England to Massachusetts Bay Colony because of Religious and Political conflict.
Act of Toleration
Cecil Calvert persuaded Maryland’s assembly to grant religious freedom to all Christians
Protestant Revolt
In the late 1600’s, were angry at a Christian Proprietor and ignited a civil war revoking the Act of Toleration.
Roger Williams
Puritan Minister who arrived in Boston from England in 1631. Believed that an individual’s conscience was beyond the control of any civil church or authority. Banished by Puritan leaders and fled to Providence.
Anne Hutchinson
Believed in antinomianism - the idea that individuals receive salvation through their faith alone and therefore should not have to follow traditional laws
Restoration Colonies
Refers to a period of restoration in the late 17th century under King Charles II following a short period of Republican rule under Puritan leader Oliver Cromwell.
What were the middle colonies?
The four colonies between New England and Virgina - NY, NJ, Pennsylvania, and Delaware.
Who were the Quakers of England?
A group of Christians who were persecuted because their beliefs challenged authority.
Believed that religious authority was found within each person, and not the Bible or any other outside source.
Why did Britain struggle to control the colonies?
Communication was slow across the Atlantic and were too busy fighting with France. Led to self-rule in early colonies.
