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APUSH > Unit 1 review > Flashcards

Unit 1 review Flashcards

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AP® U.S. History flashcards
1
Q

Columbian Exchange: cause and effect

A

Cause:
- Columbus wanted to reach Asia but landed in the Bahamas

Effect:

  • Transfer of new foods, animals, crops, and germs from Europe to the Americas.
  • Rapid Population growth in growth but decline in Americas because of disease
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2
Q

Debate over Columbus

A

He thought he found Asia but the Spaniards realized he didn’t find land, gold, or spices so they saw him as a failure. The land he explore was named after America Vespucci

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3
Q

Settled along the St. Lawrence River

A

French

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4
Q

Utilized natives as laborers

A

Spanish

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5
Q

Generally remained separate from natives

A

British

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6
Q

More likely to settle as a family unit

A

British

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7
Q

Established the encomienda system

A

Spanish

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8
Q

Maintained friendliest relations with native populations

A

French

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9
Q

Sent the smaller number of settlements to North America

A

French

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10
Q

Intermarriage with Natives was common

A

Spanish

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11
Q

Did not try to covert native populations to Christianity

A

British

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12
Q

What were the intolerable acts?

A

AKA the “Coercive Acts”. Great Britian enacted these acts after hearing about the Boston Tea Party (King George III = ANGRY)

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13
Q

What was the Boston Massacre?

A

On a snowy day in March, British guards killed five Bostonians after they harassed teh guards.
- Made resentment against British stronger because the guards were not charged that seriously.

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14
Q

What were the Townshend duties?

A

Merchants were taxed on colonial exports like tea, glass, and paper in order to pay crown officials in colonies

  • Led to the Boston Massacre
  • Every tax was eventually repealed except tea
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15
Q

What was the Stamp Act?

A

First direct tax (external) for the people of the colonies from British Parliament which required a stamp for most printed paper.

  • Colonists were angry because there was no representation in the British Parliament
  • British Parliament say it’s “virtual representation”
  • Repealed before it came into effect
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16
Q

What was the Sugar Act?

A

(AKA the Revenue Act of 1764) Enforced duty on the importation of molasses. (Internal)

  • Wanted to prevent smuggling of French molasses
  • Changed location of trial for smugglers from colonies to British vice admirality
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17
Q

What was the proclamation of 1763?

A

British Government issued a proclamation that prevented colonists from moving west from the Appalachian mountains

18
Q

Cause of French and Indian War?

A

Conflict over Ohio River Valley

19
Q

Effect of French and Indian War?

A

Britain won –> able to assert more controlled and were more unified

20
Q

Albany Plan Union

A

Benjamin Franklin wanted a system where the colonies recruited troops and collected taxes. (NEVER TOOK EFFECT)

21
Q

What was the Great Awakening?

A

The movement of diverse religious expressions

22
Q

Who was George Whitefield?

A

1739: Spread the Great Awakening

- “God only saved those who openly professed their belief in Jesus Christ”

23
Q

Who was Jonathan Edwards??

A

Minister from Massachusetts who spread the Great Awakening

- “People who repented would be saved by God, those two ignored God’s commandments would suffer”

24
Q

What was the Peter Zenger Trial?

A

In 1735, Peter Zenger who was a New York publisher, was tried for criticizing NY’s royal governor –> encouraged newspapers to criticize governments

25
Q

Examples and limits of Colonial Democracy?

A
  • Governor with a legislature
  • Lower house chosen by white male owners
  • Higher house chosen by the crown, the people (RI&CN) or proprietor (PN&MD)
  • SUPER LIMITED voting rights
26
Q

What were the navigation acts?

A

Series of laws passed by British Parliament that restricted Colonial trade

27
Q

What was the British economic policy based on?

A

Mercantalism

28
Q

What was the Stono Rebellion?

A

Largest slave rebellion in the colonies (South Carolina).

29
Q

Causes of French and Indian War

A
  • Conflicts over the Ohio River Valley

-

30
Q

Boston Tea Party

A

East India Company was allowed to sell to colonies without duty
- Intolerable Acts passed as a response

31
Q

Who was William Penn and the Quakers?

A

Group of Christians who called themselves “Religious Society of Friends.
- Religious authority found within, not in any Bible

32
Q

Who was Anne Hutchinson ?

A

Believed in antinomianism: people receive religious salivation through faith alone, don’t need church or moral laws. BANISHED

33
Q

Roger Williams?

A

Conscious was beyond the control of any civil or church authority. BANISHED=Rhode Island

34
Q

Maryland Act of Toleration?

A

Rich people flew from England to Maryland for religious freedom (Christianity)

35
Q

What was the Mayflower Compact?

A

41 pilgrims singed a contract for “equal and just laws” –> temporary self-government

36
Q

“City on a Hill” meaning?

A

Winthrop wanted America to be the “beacon of hope” for other nations

37
Q

What was the House of Burgesses? Importance?

A

First assembly of representive government in North America

38
Q

house of burgesses

A

First democratic and legistaltive house in America

39
Q

maryland act of toleration

A

Granted religious freedom to all Christians

40
Q

Anne Hutchinson

A

Didn’t believe in teh Church’s rules banished and died in upstate ny

APUSH (4 decks)

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