unit 2 chem quiz Flashcards
who discovered electrons?
J.J thompson
who reintroduced the atom
John Dalton
who discovered protons and the nucleus
Earnest Rutherford
who discovered neutrons
James chadwick
WHo discovered orbits/shells
NEils Bohr
who used the cathode Ray Tube
J J Thompson
Who’s experiment was the gold foil experiment
Earnest Rutherford
Who used hydrogen emission spectrum
NEils Bohr
Name of Dalton’s model and limitation
billiard ball model
- does not account for subatomic particles
Name of J J Thompson’s model and limitation
Blueberry muffin model
- cold not explain atoms positive charge
Name of Earnest Rutherford’s model and limitation
Nuclear model
- could not explain the atom’s stability
Name of Neils Bohr’s model and limitation
Bohr model
- could not be used for atoms with more than one electron
what do the bands on the wavelength spectrum correspond to?
To electrons falling from high energy levels to lower energy levels (when it moves from one n to another it releases energy in the form of light
what is the excited state of an electron?
when an electron jumps to a higher energy level
Explain the ladder analogy
each step is not equal distance and that the higher you get the closer the steps are meaning it takes less energy to change levels as they are further away from the nucleus
what is an orbital?
the 3D region around the nucleus where the electron is
- each orbital only has 2 electrons
- orbitals vary in size
- the elctrons have no set path
what are orbits?
- they are 2D regions where electrons are found (2n^2)
- the distance from the nucleus is fixed (they dont move up and down)
- electrons paths are circular
what is the principal quantum number
- n
- positive whole number
- the energy level occupied by the e-
what is the secondary/angular momentum quantum number
- l
- describes the orbital’s shape
SPDF
0,1,2,3 - L = (0, n-1)
what is the magnetic quantum number?
ml
- describes the orientation of the orbital
-L to +L
SPDF
1,3,5,7
what is the spin quantum number
ms
+1/2 or -1/2
cannot have no spin
what is the pauli exclusion principal
no two electrons can have the same set of 4 quantum numbers
what is the Aufbau principale?
electrons are filled in the lowest energy orbital first
(cannot just jump to 2s, 1s has to be fully filled first)
what is Hund’s rule
before any two electrons can be paired the other orbitals must have 1e-
(dont start pairing till every orbital has 1electron)
